Center For Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Immunology. 2018 Oct;155(2):202-210. doi: 10.1111/imm.12951. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Major progress in the analysis of human immune responses to cancer has been made through the molecular characterization of human tumour antigens. The development of therapeutic strategies for eliciting immune-mediated rejection of tumours has accelerated due to the elucidation of the molecular basis for tumour cell recognition and destruction by immune cells. Of the various human tumour antigens defined to date in ovarian cancer, the cancer-testis (CT) family of antigens have been studied extensively preclinically and clinically because of their testis-restricted expression in normal tissues and ability to elicit robust immune responses. Recent developments in cancer sequencing technologies offer a unique opportunity to identify tumour mutations with the highest likelihood of being expressed and recognized by the immune system. Such mutations, or neoantigens, could potentially serve as specific immune targets for T-cell-mediated destruction of cancer cells. This review will highlight current work in selecting tumour rejection antigens in ovarian cancer for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
在分析人类对癌症的免疫反应方面取得了重大进展，其方法是对人类肿瘤抗原进行分子特征分析。由于阐明了免疫细胞识别和破坏肿瘤细胞的分子基础，因此通过引发免疫介导的肿瘤排斥反应的治疗策略的发展也得到了加速。在迄今为止已在卵巢癌中定义的各种人类肿瘤抗原中，由于其在正常组织中的睾丸限制性表达和能够引发强大的免疫反应，因此癌症-睾丸（CT）抗原家族已在临床前和临床中得到广泛研究。癌症测序技术的最新发展为识别最有可能被免疫系统表达和识别的肿瘤突变提供了独特的机会。这些突变或新抗原可能成为 T 细胞介导的癌细胞破坏的特定免疫靶标。这篇综述将重点介绍当前在卵巢癌中选择肿瘤排斥抗原以提高免疫疗法疗效的工作。
