Tyler Diane O, Hoyt Karen Sue, Evans Dian Dowling, Schumann Lorna, Ramirez Elda, Wilbeck Jennifer, Agan Donna
American Academy of Nurse Practitioners Certification Board, Austin, Texas.
University of San Diego, Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Beyster Institute of Nursing Research, San Diego, California.
J Am Assoc Nurse Pract. 2018 Oct;30(10):560-569. doi: 10.1097/JXX.0000000000000118.
A practice analysis of nurse practitioners (NPs) working in emergency care was undertaken to define their job tasks and develop a specialty certification by examination.
In phase I, clinical experts created a qualitative description of domains of practice, tasks performed, knowledge required, and procedures performed by NPs in emergency care. Phase II involved validating the qualitative description through a national survey (N = 474) of emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs). Evidence from the validation survey was used to create a test content outline for the ENP examination.
The delineation of ENP practice validated by the survey (Cronbach alpha = 0.86-0.94 across rating scales) included 5 ENP practice domains: medical screening, medical decision-making/differential diagnoses, patient management, patient disposition and professional, legal and ethical practices. There were 22 job tasks across domains, 10 types of patient conditions/emergency types, 42 knowledge areas, and 68 procedures performed by ENPs. These resulted in a test blueprint providing the foundation for the ENP certification examination content validity.
Beyond certification, the practice analysis has the potential to further inform the scientific basis of emergency specialty practice. Additional uses include refining professional scope and standards of practice, job descriptions, performance appraisals, research, and policy development.
对从事急诊护理工作的执业护士（NP）进行实践分析，以明确其工作任务，并通过考试制定专业认证。
在第一阶段，临床专家对急诊护理中NP的实践领域、执行的任务、所需知识和操作程序进行了定性描述。第二阶段通过对急诊执业护士（ENP）进行全国性调查（N = 474）来验证定性描述。验证性调查的证据用于创建ENP考试的测试内容大纲。
经调查验证的ENP实践描述（各评分量表的Cronbach α系数 = 0.86 - 0.94）包括5个ENP实践领域：医疗筛查、医疗决策/鉴别诊断、患者管理、患者处置以及专业、法律和道德实践。各领域共有22项工作任务、10种患者病情/急诊类型、42个知识领域以及ENP执行的68项操作程序。这些成果形成了一个测试蓝图，为ENP认证考试的内容效度提供了基础。
除认证外，实践分析有可能进一步为急诊专科实践的科学基础提供信息。其他用途包括完善专业范围和实践标准、工作描述、绩效评估、研究以及政策制定。
