Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China.
Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2019 May;75(5):1277-1286. doi: 10.1002/ps.5241. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Due to the similarities of overall shell morphology among apple snail species and considerable variability within species, substantial taxonomic confusion has plagued the accurate identification of Pomacea species. Many invasive apple snails have been mistakenly identified as P. canaliculata since their introduction to Asia around 1980. In 2008, three other introduced species in addition to P. canaliculata were recognized. In 2013, a fifth, previously unrecognized lineage was reported from China, indicating that despite the taxonomic clarity brought by previous work, continued surveys and taxonomic research are necessary to prevent additional introductions and continued spread, as well as to develop effective management strategies.
Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial COI sequences confirmed the presence of a widespread unidentified Pomacea lineage in China. All sequences from samples of this newly documented lineage were recovered in a monophyletic clade delineated from closely related species; however, different DNA barcoding methods yielded inconsistent species boundaries. Additionally, nuclear EF1α sequences indicated incomplete lineage sorting or recent hybridization of the unidentified lineage with the other two established species.
Barcoding is a valuable tool for species discovery, and a powerful approach for delineating introduced species. However, determining the identity of the newly discovered invasive lineage in China will require an integrated taxonomic approach incorporating individuals from the native range, and examination of natural history collections at museums around the world. To manage and prevent additional spread of already established species, and to stop the introduction of new taxa, continued monitoring and rigorous taxonomic assessments must be undertaken. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
由于苹果螺物种的整体外壳形态相似，且物种内存在相当大的变异性，因此准确识别 Pomacea 物种存在很大的分类混淆。自 1980 年左右引入亚洲以来，许多入侵的苹果螺被错误地鉴定为 P. canaliculata。2008 年，除了 P. canaliculata 之外，又确认了另外三个引入物种。2013 年，中国报告了第五个以前未被识别的谱系，这表明尽管以前的工作带来了分类学上的明确性，但仍需要继续进行调查和分类学研究，以防止进一步的引入和传播，并制定有效的管理策略。
线粒体 COI 序列的系统发育分析证实，中国存在广泛分布的未识别的 Pomacea 谱系。该新记录谱系的所有样本序列均在一个与近缘种分开的单系分支中回收，但不同的 DNA 条形码方法产生了不一致的物种边界。此外，核 EF1α 序列表明未识别谱系与其他两个已建立的物种之间存在不完全谱系分选或近期杂交。
条形码是物种发现的一种有价值的工具，也是划分引入物种的有力方法。然而，要确定中国新发现的入侵谱系的身份，需要采用整合的分类学方法，包括来自原生范围的个体，并检查世界各地博物馆的自然历史收藏。为了管理和防止已建立物种的进一步传播，并阻止新分类单元的引入，必须进行持续的监测和严格的分类评估。 © 2018 化学工业协会。
