Vandal Vidya B, Noorani Hina, Shivaprakash P K, Walikar Basavaraj N
Department of Pedodontics, Unnati Hospital, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, P.M.N.M Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2018 Oct-Dec;36(4):381-385. doi: 10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_200_16.
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disability the exact cause of which is not known. Exposure to toxic elements, environmental pollutants, and various teratogens such as lead, either prenatal or postnatal, can be a risk factor for this neurologic disability. CP children have poor neuromuscular coordination, exposing them to increased risk of oral diseases such as drooling of saliva, periodontal diseases, dental caries, and malocclusion. There are less studies comparing lead concentration in CP children, as it can be one of the contributing factors to dental caries.
The present study was to estimate and compare the salivary lead level in normal and neurologically disabled children and to correlate salivary lead level with dental caries in both normal and neurologically disabled children.
A study on 45 children reporting to CP rehabilitation center and 41 normal children taken from the Outpatient Department of the Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. P.M.N.M. Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka. All children were between the age group of 5-12 years. In all individuals, a thorough medical history and dental examination were done. The age, state of dentition, and the level of caries in all individuals were determined by the same examiner, and salivary lead concentrations were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. All children were divided into four groups depending on the presence or absence of dental caries. Group 1 consisted of 20 normal children with dental caries, Group 2 consisted of 21 normal children without dental caries, Group 3 consisted of 25 CP children with dental caries, and Group 4 consisted of 20 CP children without dental caries.
Were recorded tabulated and statistically analyzed. CP children had high decayed, missing, and filled teeth/def scores, dental caries, and salivary lead concentration as compared to normal children. Statistically significant correlation was obtained between the dental caries and saliva lead concentration. The lead concentration was directly proportional to the carious status.
CP children are more prone to dental caries and increased salivary lead concentration which could be a cause as well as the effect of CP.
脑瘫（CP）是一种神经系统残疾，其确切病因尚不清楚。产前或产后接触有毒元素、环境污染物以及各种致畸物（如铅）可能是这种神经残疾的一个风险因素。脑瘫儿童神经肌肉协调能力差，使他们患口腔疾病的风险增加，如流口水、牙周病、龋齿和错牙合畸形。由于铅可能是导致龋齿的因素之一，因此比较脑瘫儿童铅浓度的研究较少。
本研究旨在估计和比较正常儿童和神经残疾儿童的唾液铅水平，并将正常儿童和神经残疾儿童的唾液铅水平与龋齿情况相关联。
对45名到脑瘫康复中心就诊的儿童和41名来自卡纳塔克邦巴加尔科特市P.M.N.M.牙科学院和医院儿科及预防牙科门诊的正常儿童进行了研究。所有儿童年龄在5至12岁之间。对所有个体进行了详细的病史询问和牙科检查。由同一名检查人员确定所有个体的年龄、牙列状况和龋齿程度，并使用原子吸收分光光度计测定唾液铅浓度。根据是否患有龋齿，将所有儿童分为四组。第1组由20名患有龋齿的正常儿童组成，第2组由21名无龋齿的正常儿童组成，第3组由25名患有龋齿的脑瘫儿童组成，第4组由20名无龋齿的脑瘫儿童组成。
记录结果并制成表格进行统计分析。与正常儿童相比，脑瘫儿童的龋齿、缺失牙和补牙数/缺陷评分、龋齿情况及唾液铅浓度更高。龋齿与唾液铅浓度之间存在统计学上的显著相关性。铅浓度与龋齿状况成正比。
脑瘫儿童更容易患龋齿且唾液铅浓度升高，这可能既是脑瘫的原因也是其结果。
