School of Occupational Therapy & Social Work, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Exercise Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersand, South Africa.
J Bone Miner Res. 2019 Jan;34(1):67-74. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3583. Epub 2018 Oct 17.
There is a critical need for longitudinal cohort studies to consider the association of the cumulative exposure of physical activity during childhood and adolescence and bone mass. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between organized sports trajectories (that capture distinct and potentially meaningful patterns over critical developmental periods) and bone mass at age 20 years. Participation in organized sport was recorded by parental report at ages 5, 8, 10, 14, and 17 years in 984 offspring (48% female) of a pregnancy cohort (Raine Study). Latent class analysis identified three trajectory classes in each sex. In females, these were "consistent sport participators" (48%), "dropouts" (34%), and "non-participators" (18%); in males, "consistent sport participators" (55%), "dropouts" (37%), and "sport joiners" (8%). Whole-body bone mineral content (BMC) at age 20 years was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). At age 20 years, after adjustment for covariates measured at age 20 years, including height, lean mass, physical activity, calcium intake, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, alcohol, and smoking, males who were "consistent sport participators" had significantly greater whole-body and leg BMC than those who dropped out of sport (p < 0.001), whereas males who joined sports had significantly greater leg BMC than those who dropped out of sport (p = 0.002). Females in the "consistent sport participator" trajectory had significantly greater leg BMC than those who dropped out (all p = 0.004). Participation in organized sport during childhood and adolescence is associated with bone mass at age 20 years. Because attainment of optimal peak bone mass in young adulthood is protective against osteoporosis in later life, this may have long-term skeletal benefits. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
儿童和青少年时期体力活动的累积暴露与骨量之间存在重要关联，因此非常需要进行纵向队列研究。本研究旨在调查儿童和青少年时期有组织的体育活动轨迹（在关键发育时期捕捉到不同且具有潜在意义的模式）与 20 岁时骨量之间的关系。在一项妊娠队列（Raine 研究）中，984 名后代（48%为女性）的父母在 5、8、10、14 和 17 岁时报告了参加有组织运动的情况。潜在类别分析确定了每个性别中的三个轨迹类别。在女性中，这些类别为“持续运动参与者”（48%）、“辍学者”（34%）和“非参与者”（18%）；在男性中，这些类别为“持续运动参与者”（55%）、“辍学者”（37%）和“新加入者”（8%）。使用双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）评估 20 岁时的全身骨矿物质含量（BMC）。在 20 岁时，在校正了 20 岁时测量的包括身高、瘦体重、体力活动、钙摄入量、血清 25-羟维生素 D、酒精和吸烟等混杂因素后，与辍学者相比，持续参与运动的男性全身和腿部 BMC 显著更大（p<0.001），而新加入运动的男性腿部 BMC 显著大于辍学者（p=0.002）。在“持续运动参与者”轨迹中的女性腿部 BMC 显著大于辍学者（均为 p<0.004）。儿童和青少年时期有组织的运动参与与 20 岁时的骨量相关。由于在年轻成年时获得最佳峰值骨量可预防晚年骨质疏松症，因此这可能具有长期的骨骼益处。© 2018 美国骨矿研究协会。
