基于脂肪与碳水化合物的能量限制饮食在 2 型糖尿病患者减肥中的应用。
Fat Versus Carbohydrate-Based Energy-Restricted Diets for Weight Loss in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
机构信息
Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
Department of Medicine, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, 41 Mall Rd, Burlington, MA, 01805, USA.
出版信息
Curr Diab Rep. 2018 Oct 17;18(12):128. doi: 10.1007/s11892-018-1103-4.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The prevalence of combined obesity and diabetes has increased dramatically in the last few decades. Although medical and surgical weight management are variably effective in addressing this epidemic, it is essential to parallel these strategies with a hypocaloric diet comprising the appropriate macronutrient composition to induce weight loss, enhance glycemic control, and improve cardiovascular risk factors. This review reports the current evidence of the role of carbohydrates and fat-based diets for weight management in patients with combined type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.
RECENT FINDINGS
Low-carbohydrate diets were shown to decrease postprandial glucose levels whereas high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets are considered cardio-protective. A diet with an optimal macronutrient composition remains uncertain for patients with combined T2D and obesity. Further research is still needed to define the best dietary composition that achieves the maximum benefits on weight management, glycemic control, and cardiovascular risk factors.
摘要
目的综述：在过去几十年中，肥胖合并糖尿病的发病率显著增加。尽管医学和手术减肥管理在一定程度上对解决这一流行疾病有效，但与这些策略并行的是，采用低热量饮食，其中包含适当的宏量营养素组成，以诱导体重减轻、增强血糖控制，并改善心血管危险因素，这一点至关重要。本文综述了目前关于碳水化合物和脂肪饮食在肥胖合并 2 型糖尿病（T2D）患者体重管理中的作用的证据。
最近发现：低碳水化合物饮食可降低餐后血糖水平，而高碳水化合物、低脂肪饮食被认为具有心脏保护作用。对于肥胖合并 T2D 的患者，最佳宏量营养素组成的饮食仍然不确定。仍然需要进一步的研究来确定最佳的饮食组成，以最大限度地获得体重管理、血糖控制和心血管危险因素的益处。
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