Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Piazza Menghini 1, Perugia 06129, Italy.
Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
J Infect. 2019 Jan;78(1):1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.10.005. Epub 2018 Oct 16.
The main objective of this manuscript is to discuss our present knowledge of the relationships between dysbiosis and paediatric Crohn's disease (CD). The therapeutic role of the methods currently used to re-establish normal gut microbiota composition is also analysed.
PubMed was used to search for all of the studies published from January 2008 to June 2018 using the key words: "Crohn's disease" and "gut dysbiosis" or "microbiota" or "microbioma" or "probiotic" and "children" or "paediatric". More than 100 articles were found, but only those published in English or providing evidence-based data were included in the evaluation.
Gut microbiota are primary actors in CD's pathogenesis. The new techniques developed in metagenomics allow us to reveal new details of microbiota composition in healthy subjects and CD patients, and to elucidate the link between microbiota and numerous pathologies, such as obesity, allergies and type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Discoveries on the role of gut microbiota could potentially disclose new therapeutic options for CD treatment and improve the existing therapies. Further studies are needed to facilitate the diagnosis and tailor the therapy of a pathology that is an increasing burden on public health.
本文的主要目的是讨论我们目前对肠道菌群失调与小儿克罗恩病（CD）之间关系的认识。还分析了目前用于重建正常肠道微生物群落组成的方法的治疗作用。
使用 PubMed 搜索了 2008 年 1 月至 2018 年 6 月期间发表的所有使用以下关键词的研究：“克罗恩病”和“肠道菌群失调”或“微生物组”或“微生物群”或“益生菌”和“儿童”或“儿科”。发现了 100 多篇文章，但仅纳入了发表在英语期刊上或提供循证数据的文章进行评估。
肠道微生物群是 CD 发病机制的主要因素。宏基因组学中开发的新技术使我们能够揭示健康受试者和 CD 患者肠道微生物群落组成的新细节，并阐明微生物群与肥胖、过敏和 1 型糖尿病等多种疾病之间的联系。
肠道微生物群作用的发现可能为 CD 治疗提供新的治疗选择，并改善现有的治疗方法。需要进一步的研究来促进对这一给公共卫生带来越来越大负担的疾病的诊断和治疗方法的个体化。
