Systemic evaluation of Sjögren-like syndrome after bone marrow transplantation in man.

A systematic evaluation of Sjögren-like syndrome (SLS) was performed in 68 bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients (60 allogeneic and 8 syngeneic recipients). At day 100, the patients underwent clinical evaluation, functional salivary scintigraphy, and lip biopsy. If any findings were abnormal, the examinations were repeated annually for 3 years. Twenty-two patients with SLS and extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD) had abnormal scintiscan and lip biopsy at day 100. Marked keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia developed between 12 and 24 months after BMT and, thereafter, progressively decreased. Twenty-seven irradiated recipients (7 syngeneic and 20 allogeneic recipients without CGVHD) had isolated xerostomia and disturbed scintiscan but normal biopsy. Seven other patients with limited CGVHD had a lymphocytic infiltrate on lip biopsy but no SLS and a normal scintiscan. Schirmer's test, functional salivary scintigraphy, and lip biopsy allowed us to distinguish SLS from radiotherapy sequelae. As early as day 100, these 3 tests have a predictive value for SLS, one of the criteria for extensive CGVHD.