Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Stefano Franscini Platz 5, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Département de géographie and Centre d'études nordiques, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H2V 2B8, Canada.
New Phytol. 2019 Jan;221(2):652-668. doi: 10.1111/nph.15451. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
Contents Summary 652 I. Introduction 652 II. Discrepancy in predicting the effects of rising [CO ] on the terrestrial C sink 655 III. Carbon and nutrient storage in plants and its modelling 656 IV. Modelling the source and the sink: a plant perspective 657 V. Plant-scale water and Carbon flux models 660 VI. Challenges for the future 662 Acknowledgements 663 Authors contributions 663 References 663 SUMMARY: The increase in atmospheric CO in the future is one of the most certain projections in environmental sciences. Understanding whether vegetation carbon assimilation, growth, and changes in vegetation carbon stocks are affected by higher atmospheric CO and translating this understanding in mechanistic vegetation models is of utmost importance. This is highlighted by inconsistencies between global-scale studies that attribute terrestrial carbon sinks to CO stimulation of gross and net primary production on the one hand, and forest inventories, tree-scale studies, and plant physiological evidence showing a much less pronounced CO fertilization effect on the other hand. Here, we review how plant carbon sources and sinks are currently described in terrestrial biosphere models. We highlight an uneven representation of complexity between the modelling of photosynthesis and other processes, such as plant respiration, direct carbon sinks, and carbon allocation, largely driven by available observations. Despite a general lack of data on carbon sink dynamics to drive model improvements, ways forward toward a mechanistic representation of plant carbon sinks are discussed, leveraging on results obtained from plant-scale models and on observations geared toward model developments.
内容摘要 652 I. 引言 652 II. 预测大气[CO]升高对陆地碳汇影响的差异 655 III. 植物的碳和养分储存及其建模 656 IV. 源与汇的建模：植物视角 657 V. 植物尺度水碳通量模型 660 VI. 未来的挑战 662 致谢 663 作者贡献 663 参考文献 663 摘要：未来大气中 CO 的增加是环境科学中最确定的预测之一。了解植被对大气 CO 的碳同化、生长和碳储量变化的反应，以及将这种理解转化为机制植被模型，这一点至关重要。这一点在全球尺度的研究中得到了强调，这些研究一方面将陆地碳汇归因于 CO 对总初级生产力和净初级生产力的刺激，另一方面则是森林清查、树木尺度的研究和植物生理证据表明 CO 对植被的施肥效应要小得多。在这里，我们回顾了陆地生物圈模型中当前如何描述植物的碳源和碳汇。我们强调了光合作用和其他过程（如植物呼吸、直接碳汇和碳分配）建模之间的复杂性存在不平衡，这主要是由现有观测结果驱动的。尽管缺乏关于碳汇动态的数据来推动模型改进，但仍讨论了朝着植物碳汇的机制化表示前进的方法，利用植物尺度模型的结果和针对模型开发的观测结果。
