Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Neurobiol Aging. 2019 Jan;73:115-122. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2018.09.017. Epub 2018 Sep 25.
Short- and long-term memory performance as a function of apolipoprotein-E (APOE) genotype was examined in older, healthy individuals using sensitive and comparable tasks to provide a more detailed description of influences of the ε4 allele (highest genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease) on memory. Older heterozygous and homozygous ε4 carriers and noncarriers performed 2 tasks of memory. Both tasks allowed us to measure memory for item identity and locations, using a sensitive, continuous measure of report. Long-term memory for object locations was impaired in ε4/ε4 carriers, whereas, paradoxically, this group demonstrated superior short-term memory for locations. The dissociable effects of the gene on short- and long-term memory suggest that the effect of genotype on these two types of memories, and their neural underpinnings, might not be co-extensive. Whereas the long-term memory impairment might be linked to preclinical Alzheimer's disease, the short-term memory advantage may reflect an independent, phenotypical effect of this allele on cognition.
作为载脂蛋白 E（APOE）基因型的函数，短期和长期记忆表现被检查在年龄较大、健康的个体中，使用敏感和可比的任务来更详细地描述 ε4 等位基因（阿尔茨海默病的最高遗传风险因素）对记忆的影响。老年杂合子和纯合子 ε4 携带者和非携带者执行 2 项记忆任务。这两个任务都允许我们使用敏感的、连续的报告测量来测量项目身份和位置的记忆。在 ε4/ε4 携带者中，物体位置的长期记忆受损，而矛盾的是，该组表现出对位置的短期记忆优势。基因对短期和长期记忆的可分离影响表明，基因型对这两种类型的记忆及其神经基础的影响可能不是广泛的。虽然长期记忆损伤可能与临床前阿尔茨海默病有关，但短期记忆优势可能反映了该等位基因对认知的独立表型影响。
