Department of Nutrition and Food Science , University of Maryland , College Park , Maryland 20742 , United States.
Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, ARS , U.S. Department of Agriculture , 10300 Baltimore Avenue , Beltsville , Maryland 20705 , United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Nov 7;66(44):11519-11530. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03096. Epub 2018 Oct 29.
Chronic diseases are a major health problem in the United States. Accumulated data suggest that consumption of vegetables can significantly reduce the risk of many chronic diseases. Dietary guidelines for 2015-2020 from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommend 1-4 cups of vegetables per day for males and 1-3 cups of vegetables per day for females, depending on their age. However, the average intake of vegetables is below the recommended levels. Microgreens are young vegetable greens. Although they are small, microgreens have delicate textures, distinctive flavors, and various nutrients. In general, microgreens contain greater amounts of nutrients and health-promoting micronutrients than their mature counterparts. Because microgreens are rich in nutrients, smaller amounts may provide similar nutritional effects compared to larger quantities of mature vegetables. However, literature on microgreens remains limited. In this Review, we discuss chemical compositions, growing conditions, and biological efficacies of microgreens. We seek to stimulate interest in further study of microgreens as a promising dietary component for potential use in diet-based disease prevention.
慢性病是美国的一个主要健康问题。积累的数据表明，蔬菜的摄入可以显著降低许多慢性病的风险。美国农业部和美国卫生与公众服务部 2015-2020 年的饮食指南建议男性每天摄入 1-4 杯蔬菜，女性每天摄入 1-3 杯蔬菜，具体取决于年龄。然而，蔬菜的平均摄入量低于推荐水平。芽苗菜是年轻的蔬菜嫩叶。尽管它们很小，但芽苗菜具有细腻的质地、独特的风味和各种营养成分。一般来说，芽苗菜比成熟的同类蔬菜含有更多的营养成分和促进健康的微量营养素。由于芽苗菜富含营养，与大量成熟蔬菜相比，较小的量可能会产生类似的营养效果。然而，关于芽苗菜的文献仍然有限。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了芽苗菜的化学成分、生长条件和生物功效。我们希望能激发人们进一步研究芽苗菜，将其作为一种有前途的饮食成分，用于基于饮食的疾病预防。
