Author Affiliations: Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences (Dr Drageset); Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen (Dr Lindstrøm); and VID University College of Applied Sciences (Dr Ellingsen), Bergen, Norway.
Cancer Nurs. 2020 Jan/Feb;43(1):E30-E37. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0000000000000656.
Increased breast cancer survival means that many women live with long-term consequences of their cancer and treatment. Knowledge about their coping is important.
This qualitative follow-up study describes survivors' coping experiences 9 years after primary breast cancer surgery.
Seventeen of the 21 women interviewed 9 years earlier were invited to participate. Fifteen agreed and were interviewed individually between January and June 2015. Qualitative meaning condensation analysis was used.
Three themes emerged: (1) Changed life: some felt healthy and beyond cancer; others suffered from reduced energy, joy of life, and self-esteem. Being affected by a life-threatening illness made their fundamental values clearer. Using cancer experiences to help others was emphasized. (2) Positive thinking, distancing the negative: striving to maintain positive thinking and distancing themselves from insecurity and fear of recurrence. A step-by-step strategy was important to cope with their new life situation. (3) Need for understanding and recognition: support was experienced as necessary and challenging. Recognition of posttreatment ailments was emphasized. Being more socially selective and preferring positive people were essential.
Cancer experiences changed the women's lives. Their coping varied. Fewer but selected supporters were preferred. Understanding and recognition from others for the women's changed life situation was essential.
Healthcare professionals should prepare women for a changed life situation because of illness experiences and the adverse effects of treatments. The support and information offered must be adjusted to each woman's individual needs, coping capacity, and life situation. Further clinical intervention studies are needed.
乳腺癌患者存活率的提高意味着许多女性会长期受到癌症及其治疗的影响。了解这些患者的应对方式非常重要。
本研究采用定性随访的方法，描述了乳腺癌根治术后 9 年患者的应对体验。
21 名患者中，17 名于 9 年前接受过访谈，邀请其中 15 名参加本研究，15 名患者均同意并于 2015 年 1 月至 6 月期间接受了单独访谈。采用定性意义浓缩分析方法进行分析。
共出现 3 个主题：（1）改变的生活：一些人感觉健康且已超越癌症，而另一些人则感到精力不足、生活乐趣减少、自尊心下降。被危及生命的疾病所影响使她们更加明确自己的基本价值观，并强调利用癌症经历帮助他人。（2）积极思考，远离消极：努力保持积极的心态，远离不安和对复发的恐惧。采取逐步应对策略对处理新的生活状况非常重要。（3）需要理解和认可：患者表示需要并期望获得支持。她们强调需要对治疗后出现的疾病予以认可。更有选择性地结交朋友和喜欢与积极的人相处对她们非常重要。
癌症经历改变了患者的生活，其应对方式各不相同，她们更喜欢少数但更有选择性的支持者。他人对其生活状况改变的理解和认可至关重要。
医护人员应为患者因疾病经历和治疗的不良反应而导致的生活状况改变做好准备。提供的支持和信息必须根据每位患者的个体需求、应对能力和生活状况进行调整。需要进一步开展临床干预研究。
