Tubaro E, Santiangeli C, Belogi L, Borelli G, Cavallo G, Croce C, Avico U
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1987;9(1):79-88. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(87)90113-5.
A comparison of the effects of methadone and morphine on phagocytic physiology was carried out in mice, using a number of tests, to estimate the risk of using methadone in maintenance protocols for opiates addicts. Results indicate that methadone, like morphine, reduces (a) R.E.S. activity and (b) PMN superoxide anion production, while unlike morphine it (a) does not produce haematologic changes, (b) does not exacerbate C. albicans infections, (c) does not inhibit phagocytosis and killing by murine polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages, or by rabbit alveolar macrophages, and (d) does not reduce spleen and liver weight. These results are in strict agreement with those previously found in human subjects receiving controlled administration of morphine or methadone. Compared to morphine methadone therefore appears to have a lower toxic potentiality.
在小鼠身上进行了美沙酮和吗啡对吞噬细胞生理影响的比较，采用了多项测试，以评估在阿片类成瘾者维持治疗方案中使用美沙酮的风险。结果表明，美沙酮与吗啡一样，会降低（a）网状内皮系统（R.E.S.）活性和（b）中性粒细胞超氧阴离子生成，而与吗啡不同的是，它（a）不会引起血液学变化，（b）不会加重白色念珠菌感染，（c）不会抑制小鼠多形核白细胞和巨噬细胞或兔肺泡巨噬细胞的吞噬作用和杀伤作用，并且（d）不会减轻脾脏和肝脏重量。这些结果与先前在接受吗啡或美沙酮对照给药的人体受试者中发现的结果完全一致。因此，与吗啡相比，美沙酮似乎具有较低的潜在毒性。
