Tubaro E, Borelli G, Croce C, Cavallo G, Santiangeli C
J Infect Dis. 1983 Oct;148(4):656-66. doi: 10.1093/infdis/148.4.656.
Morphine was demonstrated to exacerbate infections. Experiments were performed to evaluate variations of phagocytic physiology during morphine treatment. In mice, morphine drastically reduced reticuloendothelial system activity, phagocyte count, phagocytic index, killing properties, and superoxide anion production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages. Similar effects on alveolar macrophage count, phagocytosis, and killing were found in rabbits, a result which suggested a lack of species specificity. Additional experiments demonstrated that morphine (1) induces a reduction of lymphoid organ weight, (2) impairs the ability to eradicate infections and (3) is counteracted in its depressing activity on phagocytic physiology by small amounts of Corynebacterium parvum. The results suggest that there is a close relationship between the fact that morphine exacerbates infections and the fact that morphine depresses phagocytic functions; therefore, the negative effect of morphine on phagocytosis is at least one of the reasons for its negative effect on the development of infections.
已证实吗啡会加重感染。开展了实验以评估吗啡治疗期间吞噬生理的变化。在小鼠中，吗啡显著降低了网状内皮系统活性、吞噬细胞计数、吞噬指数、杀伤特性以及多形核白细胞和巨噬细胞中超氧阴离子的产生。在兔子身上也发现了对肺泡巨噬细胞计数、吞噬作用和杀伤的类似影响，这一结果表明缺乏物种特异性。额外的实验表明，吗啡（1）会导致淋巴器官重量减轻，（2）损害根除感染的能力，（3）少量短小棒状杆菌可抵消其对吞噬生理的抑制活性。结果表明，吗啡加重感染这一事实与吗啡抑制吞噬功能这一事实之间存在密切关系；因此，吗啡对吞噬作用的负面影响至少是其对感染发展产生负面影响的原因之一。
