College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, China.
College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
Environ Pollut. 2019 Jan;244:388-397. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.085. Epub 2018 Oct 18.
We measured the concentrations of organophosphate esters (OPEs) in some biotic samples which can serve as human foodstuffs and ambient environments including air and river water from an agricultural area of Chongqing, western China. Fish samples exhibited highest OPEs levels (960 ng/g lipid weight) among the biota, followed by chicken (676 ng/g lw), cattle (545 ng/g lw) and pigs (535 ng/g lw). Tributyl phosphate (TNBP), tris (2-methylpropyl) (TIBP) and chlorinated OPEs were the major analogs in biotic samples, which appeared similar with the patterns from river water and outdoor air, but apparently different from indoor air. To further investigate the influence of ambient environment on the distribution of OPEs in biota, we analyzed the correlation between OPEs concentrations in ambient environment and biological samples, and the results revealed that most of the samples (except for pig samples) heavily correlated with outdoor air, whereas only fish and cattle samples were strongly correlated with river water. The partitioning behaviors of OPEs among biota, air and river water were also studied through calculating the biota-water accumulation factors (BWAFs), biota-air accumulation factors (BAAFs) and air-water partitioning factor (AWPFs). Significantly linear correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between log (BWAFs) and log (K) values, and between log (AWPFs) and log H (Henry's law constants), nevertheless log (BAAFs) was increasing along with the log (K) values. The daily intake (DI) values were estimated via foodstuffs ingestion and environmental exposure. The estimated DI values of OPEs from food and ambient environments were 1.78 ng/kg-bw/day, 1.23 ng/kg-bw/day and 1.42 ng/kg-bw/day in toddlers, children and adults, respectively, which lay at the low end of the reported data and well below the reference dose (RfD).
我们测量了一些生物样本中的有机磷酸酯 (OPE) 浓度，这些样本可以作为人类的食物和环境，包括来自中国西部重庆市农业区的空气和河水。在生物样本中，鱼类样本显示出最高的 OPE 浓度（960ng/g 脂质重量），其次是鸡（676ng/g lw）、牛（545ng/g lw）和猪（535ng/g lw）。三丁基磷酸酯（TNBP）、三（2-甲基丙基）磷酸酯（TIBP）和氯化 OPE 是生物样本中的主要类似物，与河水和室外空气的模式相似，但明显与室内空气不同。为了进一步研究环境对生物体内 OPE 分布的影响，我们分析了环境和生物样本中 OPE 浓度之间的相关性，结果表明除了猪样本外，大多数样本与室外空气密切相关，而只有鱼类和牛样本与河水密切相关。通过计算生物 - 水分配系数（BWAFs）、生物 - 气分配系数（BAAFs）和气 - 水分配系数（AWPFs），还研究了 OPE 在生物、空气和河水中的分配行为。在 log（BWAFs）和 log（K）值之间以及在 log（AWPFs）和 log H（亨利定律常数）之间观察到显著的线性相关性（P<0.05），而 log（BAAFs）随着 log（K）值的增加而增加。通过食物摄入和环境暴露来估计每日摄入量（DI）值。通过食物和环境暴露估计的儿童、青少年和成年人从 OPE 中摄入的 DI 值分别为 1.78ng/kg-bw/day、1.23ng/kg-bw/day 和 1.42ng/kg-bw/day，处于报告数据的低端，远低于参考剂量（RfD）。
