Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embriology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-ICBIM, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry-INGEB, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil.
Cell Biol Int. 2019 Apr;43(4):373-383. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11066. Epub 2019 Feb 19.
Recent studies have been trying to find out how diet and metabolic changes such as dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and hyperinsulinaemia can stimulate cancer progression. This investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of high concentrations of fatty acids and/or glucose in tumour prostate cells, focusing on the proliferation/migration profile and oxidative stress. PC3 cells were treated with high concentration of saturated fatty acid (palmitate, 100 µM), glucose (220 mg/dL), or both for 24 or 48 h. Results demonstrated that PC3 cells showed a significant increase in proliferation after 48 h of treatment with glucose and palmitate+glucose. Cell proliferation was associated with reduced levels of AMPK phosphorylation in glucose group at 24 and 48 h of treatment, while palmitate group presented this result only after 48 h of treatment. Also, there was a significant increase in cell migration between time 0 and 48 h after all treatments, except in the control. Catalase activity was increased by palmitate in the beginning of treatment, while glucose presented a later effect. Also, nitrite production was increased by glucose only after 48 h, and the total antioxidant activity was enhanced by palmitate in the initial hours. Thus, we conclude that the high concentration of the saturated fatty acid palmitate and glucose in vitro influences PC3 cells and stimulates cellular activities related to carcinogenesis such as cell proliferation, migration, and oxidative stress in different ways. Palmitate presents a rapid and initial effect, while a glucose environment stimulates cells later on, maintaining high levels of cell proliferation.
最近的研究试图找出饮食和代谢变化（如血脂异常、高血糖和高胰岛素血症）如何刺激癌症进展。本研究旨在评估高浓度脂肪酸和/或葡萄糖对肿瘤前列腺细胞的影响，重点关注增殖/迁移特征和氧化应激。将 PC3 细胞用高浓度饱和脂肪酸（棕榈酸，100μM）、葡萄糖（220mg/dL）或两者共同处理 24 或 48 小时。结果表明，葡萄糖和棕榈酸+葡萄糖处理 48 小时后，PC3 细胞增殖显著增加。细胞增殖与葡萄糖组在处理 24 和 48 小时时 AMPK 磷酸化水平降低有关，而棕榈酸组仅在处理 48 小时后出现这种结果。此外，所有处理后 0 到 48 小时之间细胞迁移均显著增加，对照组除外。棕榈酸在开始处理时增加了过氧化氢酶的活性，而葡萄糖则在后期才会有这种作用。此外，只有在处理 48 小时后，葡萄糖才会增加亚硝酸盐的产生，而棕榈酸在最初几小时会增强总抗氧化活性。因此，我们得出结论，体外高浓度的饱和脂肪酸棕榈酸和葡萄糖会以不同的方式影响 PC3 细胞，并刺激与癌变相关的细胞活动，如细胞增殖、迁移和氧化应激。棕榈酸具有快速和初始的作用，而葡萄糖环境则在后期刺激细胞，保持高水平的细胞增殖。
