Kato Tatsuya, Imaizumi Shu, Tanno Yoshihiko
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Psychol. 2018 Oct 9;9:1927. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01927. eCollection 2018.
Metaphorical association between vertical space and emotional valence is activated by bodily movement toward the corresponding space. Upward or downward manual movement "following" observation of emotional images is reported to alter the perceived valence as more positive or negative. This study aimed to clarify this retrospective emotional modulation. Experiment 1 investigated the effects of temporal order of emotional stimuli and manual movements. Participants performed upward, downward, or horizontal manual movements immediately before or after observation of emotional images; they then rated the valence of the image. The images were rated as more negative in downward- than in horizontal-movement conditions only when the movements followed the image observation. Upward movement showed no effect. Experiment 2 examined the effects of temporal proximity between images, movements, and ratings. The results showed that a 2-s interval either between image and movement or movement and rating nullified the retrospective effect. Bodily movement that corresponds to space-valence metaphor retrospectively, but not prospectively, alters the perceived valence of emotional stimuli. This effect requires temporal proximity between emotional stimulus, the subsequent movement, and rating of the stimulus. With respect to the lack of effect of upward-positive correspondence, anisotropy in effects of movement direction is discussed.
身体朝向相应空间的移动会激活垂直空间与情绪效价之间的隐喻关联。据报道，在观察情绪图像时进行向上或向下的手动移动“跟随”，会使感知到的效价变得更积极或更消极。本研究旨在阐明这种回顾性情绪调节。实验1研究了情绪刺激和手动移动的时间顺序的影响。参与者在观察情绪图像之前或之后立即进行向上、向下或水平的手动移动；然后他们对图像的效价进行评分。只有当移动跟随图像观察时，在向下移动条件下图像的评分才比水平移动条件下更消极。向上移动没有效果。实验2考察了图像、移动和评分之间的时间接近性的影响。结果表明，图像与移动之间或移动与评分之间2秒的间隔消除了回顾性效应。与空间-效价隐喻相对应的身体移动会回顾性地而非前瞻性地改变情绪刺激的感知效价。这种效应需要情绪刺激、随后的移动以及对刺激的评分之间的时间接近性。关于向上-积极对应缺乏效果的情况，讨论了移动方向效应的各向异性。
