Nishiguchi Yuki, Imaizumi Shu, Tanno Yoshihiko
Faculty of Human Sciences, Sophia University, 7-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8554, Japan.
Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
Heliyon. 2021 Nov 18;7(11):e08394. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08394. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Space-valence metaphors (e.g., bad is down) are embedded within cognitive and emotional processing (e.g., negative stimuli at a lower space capture visual attention more than those at an upper space). Previous studies have revealed that motor action to vertical direction affects the emotional valence rating of stimuli in a metaphor-congruent manner only when the action was introduced after the stimuli presentation. In the present study, we hypothesized that motor action before the stimuli presentation does not affect valence rating while it may affect visual selective attention. In Experiment 1 (participants: 28 university students; mean age = 19.50 years), we partially replicated the previous result with repeated ANOVA and -tests; manual action introduced before the stimuli presentation does not affect the valence rating. Then, in Experiment 2 (participants: 28 university students; mean age = 19.57 years), we employed a modified version of the dot-probe task as a measure of visual selective attention to emotional stimuli, where participants' vertical or horizontal manual action was introduced before the presentation of a pair of emotional words. The results of the -tests revealed that an upward manual action promoting selective attention to words, which was incongruent with the space-valence metaphorical correspondence. These results suggest that even though manual action does not affect the evaluative process of emotional stimuli prospectively, upward manual action introduced before stimuli presentation can promote visual attention to the subsequent negative stimuli in a way that is incongruent with the space-valence metaphor.
空间-效价隐喻（例如，坏是向下的）嵌入在认知和情感加工过程中（例如，较低空间中的负面刺激比较高空间中的负面刺激更能吸引视觉注意力）。先前的研究表明，只有在刺激呈现后引入垂直方向的运动动作时，才会以隐喻一致的方式影响刺激的情感效价评级。在本研究中，我们假设在刺激呈现之前的运动动作不会影响效价评级，但可能会影响视觉选择性注意。在实验1中（参与者：28名大学生；平均年龄 = 19.50岁），我们通过重复方差分析和t检验部分重复了先前的结果；在刺激呈现之前引入的手动动作不会影响效价评级。然后，在实验2中（参与者：28名大学生；平均年龄 = 19.57岁），我们采用了点探测任务的修改版本作为对情感刺激的视觉选择性注意的测量方法，在呈现一对情感词之前引入参与者的垂直或水平手动动作。t检验的结果表明，向上的手动动作促进了对与空间-效价隐喻对应不一致的词的选择性注意。这些结果表明，尽管手动动作不会前瞻性地影响情感刺激的评估过程，但在刺激呈现之前引入的向上手动动作可以以与空间-效价隐喻不一致的方式促进对随后负面刺激的视觉注意。
