Sakai Tomoko, Hata Junichi, Ohta Hiroki, Shintaku Yuta, Kimura Naoto, Ogawa Yuki, Sogabe Kazumi, Mori Susumu, Okano Hirotaka James, Hamada Yuzuru, Shibata Shinsuke, Okano Hideyuki, Oishi Kenichi
The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA.
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Primates. 2018 Nov;59(6):553-570. doi: 10.1007/s10329-018-0694-3. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computational analysis technology have enabled comparisons among various primate brains in a three-dimensional electronic format. Results from comparative studies provide information about common features across primates and species-specific features of neuroanatomy. Investigation of various species of non-human primates is important for understanding such features, but the majority of comparative MRI studies have been based on experimental primates, such as common marmoset, macaques, and chimpanzee. A major obstacle has been the lack of a database that includes non-experimental primates' brain MRIs. To facilitate scientific discoveries in the field of comparative neuroanatomy and brain evolution, we launched a collaborative project to develop an open-resource repository of non-human primate brain images obtained using ex vivo MRI. As an initial open resource, here we release a collection of structural MRI and diffusion tensor images obtained from 12 species: pygmy marmoset, owl monkey, white-fronted capuchin, crab-eating macaque, Japanese macaque, bonnet macaque, toque macaque, Sykes' monkey, red-tailed monkey, Schmidt's guenon, de Brazza's guenon, and lar gibbon. Sixteen postmortem brain samples from the 12 species, stored in the Japan Monkey Centre (JMC), were scanned using a 9.4-T MRI scanner and made available through the JMC collaborative research program ( http://www.j-monkey.jp/BIR/index_e.html ). The expected significant contributions of the JMC Primates Brain Imaging Repository include (1) resources for comparative neuroscience research, (2) preservation of various primate brains, including those of endangered species, in a permanent digital form, (3) resources with higher resolution for identifying neuroanatomical features, compared to previous MRI atlases, (4) resources for optimizing methods of scanning large fixed brains, and (5) references for veterinary neuroradiology. User-initiated research projects beyond these contributions are also anticipated.
磁共振成像（MRI）和计算分析技术的进步使得以三维电子格式对各种灵长类动物大脑进行比较成为可能。比较研究的结果提供了有关灵长类动物共同特征和神经解剖学物种特异性特征的信息。对各种非人类灵长类物种的研究对于理解这些特征很重要，但大多数比较MRI研究都基于实验性灵长类动物，如普通狨猴、猕猴和黑猩猩。一个主要障碍是缺乏一个包含非实验性灵长类动物大脑MRI的数据库。为了促进比较神经解剖学和大脑进化领域的科学发现，我们发起了一个合作项目，以开发一个使用离体MRI获得的非人类灵长类动物大脑图像的开放资源库。作为初始开放资源，我们在此发布了从12个物种获得的结构MRI和扩散张量图像的集合：侏儒狨猴、夜猴、白额卷尾猴、食蟹猕猴、日本猕猴、帽状猕猴、斯里兰卡猕猴、赛克斯猴、红尾猴、施密特长尾猴、德氏长尾猴和白手长臂猿。来自这12个物种的16个死后大脑样本保存在日本猴中心（JMC），使用9.4-T MRI扫描仪进行扫描，并通过JMC合作研究项目（http://www.j-monkey.jp/BIR/index_e.html）提供。JMC灵长类动物大脑成像资源库预期的重大贡献包括：（1）用于比较神经科学研究的资源；（2）以永久数字形式保存各种灵长类动物大脑，包括濒危物种的大脑；（3）与以前的MRI图谱相比，具有更高分辨率以识别神经解剖学特征的资源；（4）用于优化扫描大型固定大脑方法的资源；（5）兽医神经放射学的参考资料。也预计会有超出这些贡献的用户发起的研究项目。
