Deshko L
Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Ukraine.
Georgian Med News. 2018 Sep(282):161-166.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the legal regulation of patenting medicinal products in Ukraine and foreign countries. To solve this problem, the author examines the experience of foreign countries, offers directions for improving the legal regulation of pharmaceutical patenting. The empirical basis for the study is international documents, valid legal acts of various countries that regulate this area of legal relations, draft acts, statistics, give assessment of Ukrainian and foreign experts. The methodological basis of the conducted research is the general methods of scientific cognitivism as well as those used in legal science: methods of analysis and synthesis, formal logic, comparative law, statistical methods etc. There are revealed the common social and economic, political and legal factors that determine the necessity of patent reform in health care. The analysis of the provisions of the TRIPS-plus Agreement made it possible for them to be implemented by foreign countries to substantiate the feasibility and justify the possibility of applying these provisions in those countries where there are increased requirements for the protection of intellectual property. The peculiarities of the patent reform in the sphere of public health services in Ukraine are revealed. The attention is focused on the problems that exist in the patent system of Ukraine and most of the CIS countries compared to countries with innovative economies and have developed system of protection of intellectual property. The model of legal protection of inventions and useful models, which is introduced in Ukraine, its advantages as well as innovations in the legislation of Ukraine are described. It is argued that Ukraine is an example of the state that has come up with reform in a comprehensive manner and in carrying out it has borrowed the best foreign experience. It is noted that the issue of legal regulation of patenting of medicinal products at international and national levels should be investigated in order to increase the effectiveness of this type of regulation. Countries should intensify cooperation within the framework of specialized international institutions. Improvement of the national legislation should carry on a complex nature.
本文旨在分析乌克兰及其他国家药品专利的法律监管情况。为解决这一问题，作者考察了国外的经验，提出了完善药品专利法律监管的方向。该研究的实证依据是国际文件、各国规范这一法律关系领域的现行法律、法案草案、统计数据以及乌克兰和外国专家的评估。所开展研究的方法论基础是科学认知主义的一般方法以及法学中使用的方法：分析与综合方法、形式逻辑、比较法、统计方法等。揭示了决定医疗保健领域专利改革必要性的共同社会经济、政治和法律因素。对《与贸易有关的知识产权协定》（TRIPS）附加协定条款的分析，使得外国能够实施这些条款，以证实其可行性，并证明在那些对知识产权保护要求较高的国家适用这些条款的可能性。揭示了乌克兰公共卫生服务领域专利改革的特点。重点关注了乌克兰和大多数独联体国家与具有创新型经济且拥有完善知识产权保护体系的国家相比，专利制度中存在的问题。描述了乌克兰引入的发明和实用新型法律保护模式、其优势以及乌克兰立法中的创新之处。有人认为，乌克兰是全面进行改革并借鉴了最佳国外经验的国家典范。指出应研究国际和国家层面药品专利法律监管问题，以提高此类监管的有效性。各国应在专门国际机构框架内加强合作。国家立法的完善应具有综合性。
