Department of Human Development and Family Studies.
Department of Human Ecology.
Dev Psychol. 2019 Jan;55(1):170-183. doi: 10.1037/dev0000629. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
The present study examines the influence of economic and family stress processes on change in drug and alcohol use in a cohort of 478 Mexican American youth (50.8% female) followed longitudinally beginning in Grade 5 when the youth averaged 10.4 years of age. Adolescents, their mothers (median age 36 at Grade 5), and their fathers (median age 39 at Grade 5) were assessed on economic hardship (Grades 5 through 7), family stress processes (Grades 5 through 9), and adolescent substance use (Grades 7 through 9). Hypotheses were derived from a culturally informed family stress model (FSM), which proposes that economic hardship initiates a sequential cascade of problems involving parents' emotional distress, interparental conflict, disruptions in parenting and increased risk for adolescent substance use. Structural equation modeling was used to test these hypothesized linkages and the findings were consistent with predictions derived from the FSM. The results also demonstrated that parents' familism moderated the association between parent distress and interparental conflict, acting as a source of resilience in this family stress process. Findings suggest that prevention and intervention efforts focused on reducing caregiver distress and interparental conflict and enhancing parenting practices, as well as policies that reduce the level of economic hardship experienced by families, may aid in the reduction of adolescent substance use. Additionally, interventions focused on facilitating the cultural value of familism may promote more positive interactions between Mexican American parents which, in turn, may promote more effective parenting practices that help to reduce the risk for adolescent substance use. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究考察了经济和家庭压力过程对 478 名墨西哥裔美国青少年（女性占 50.8%）药物和酒精使用变化的影响，这些青少年从五年级开始进行了纵向跟踪研究，当时他们的平均年龄为 10.4 岁。研究人员评估了青少年、他们的母亲（五年级时的中位年龄为 36 岁）和他们的父亲（五年级时的中位年龄为 39 岁）的经济困难（五年级至七年级）、家庭压力过程（五年级至九年级）和青少年物质使用（七年级至九年级）情况。假设来源于一个具有文化意识的家庭压力模型（FSM），该模型提出，经济困难引发了一系列涉及父母情绪困扰、父母间冲突、父母教养行为中断和青少年物质使用风险增加的问题。结构方程模型被用于检验这些假设联系，研究结果与 FSM 得出的预测结果一致。研究结果还表明，父母的家庭观念缓和了父母痛苦和父母间冲突之间的关联，在这一家庭压力过程中充当了恢复力的来源。研究结果表明，预防和干预措施的重点应放在减轻照顾者的痛苦和父母间的冲突，以及加强教养行为上，同时还应采取政策来减少家庭所经历的经济困难程度，这可能有助于减少青少年物质使用。此外，侧重于促进墨西哥裔美国人家庭观念的干预措施可能会促进父母之间更积极的互动，从而可能会促进更有效的教养行为，有助于降低青少年物质使用的风险。（PsycINFO 数据库记录（c）2018 APA，保留所有权利）。
