Department of Surgery, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.
Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2018 Nov/Dec;19(8):769-773. doi: 10.1089/sur.2018.224. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Bacterial virulence is a dynamic property of pathogens that is expressed in a context-dependent manner. For a bacterial pathogen, the expression of virulence is a tradeoff, as there is an energy cost that can disturb other functions. As a result, virulence is activated only when bacteria sense the need for it. Recent work from our laboratory has identified many of the local cues in the environmental context that activate bacterial virulence during surgical injury, resulting in bacterial invasion, tissue inflammation, and, in some cases, lethal sepsis. After surgical injury, cytokines, opioids, and end-products of ischemia can activate bacterial virulence circuits, such as the quorum-sensing signaling system, directly. However, when key ions are present, such as phosphate and iron, certain pathogenic bacteria become insensitive to these incoming host cues. In this review, we provide molecular insight into the process by which certain surgical infections may be prevented by ionic modulation of the local microenvironment.
细菌毒力是一种病原体的动态特性，以依赖于上下文的方式表达。对于细菌病原体来说，毒力的表达是一种权衡，因为存在能量成本，这可能会干扰其他功能。因此，只有当细菌感觉到需要时，毒力才会被激活。 我们实验室最近的工作已经确定了许多环境线索，这些线索在手术损伤期间激活细菌毒力，导致细菌入侵、组织炎症，在某些情况下，还会导致致命的败血症。 在手术损伤后，细胞因子、阿片类药物和缺血的终产物可以直接激活细菌毒力回路，如群体感应信号系统。然而，当存在关键离子，如磷酸盐和铁时，某些致病菌对这些传入的宿主信号不再敏感。 在这篇综述中，我们提供了分子层面的见解，说明通过离子调节局部微环境可以预防某些手术感染。
