College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia.
Reprod Health. 2018 Oct 25;15(1):181. doi: 10.1186/s12978-018-0627-z.
Historically, transitioning gender was seen as precluding transgender people from having children in the future. However, there are now increased reproductive options available to transgender people, with such options also available to non-binary people (i.e., people whose gender is not exclusively male or female). These options include undertaking fertility preservation if genetic children may be desired in the future. Despite these increased options, there is still only a limited amount of international research exploring the views of transgender and non-binary people on fertility preservation.
This mixed-methods study draws on a convenience sample of Australian transgender and non-binary adults, focused on their decision making about fertility preservation. The questionnaire was constructed by the authors, drawing on previous research. Participants were recruited via Australian organisations and groups made up of and/or working with people who are transgender or non-binary. The questionnaire was open from January-February 2018. The final sample included 409 participants. Statistical analyses were conducted on the closed-ended responses. Open-ended responses were analysed via a conventional content analysis.
Decisions about fertility preservation were influenced by views on the importance of genetic relatedness, willingness to delay transition, economic resources, already having children or desiring children in the future, and the views of significant others. Advice or counselling prior to decision making was received only by a minority of participants. Very few participants (7%) had undertaken fertility preservation, although 95% said that fertility preservation should be offered to all transgender and non-binary people. Participants who viewed genetic relatedness as important were more likely to have undertaken fertility preservation.
The findings indicate that fertility preservation should be made available as an option to all transgender or non-binary people prior to undertaking treatment which may impact on fertility. However, it should also be recognised that not all people who are transgender or non-binary will want to undertake fertility preservation, and that not all people may be able to afford to.
从历史上看，人们认为性别转变会排除跨性别者未来生育子女的可能性。然而，现在跨性别者有了更多的生殖选择，非二元性别者（即性别不是男性或女性的人）也有了这样的选择。这些选择包括如果未来希望生育遗传子女，可以进行生育力保存。尽管有了更多的选择，但仍然只有有限的国际研究探讨跨性别者和非二元性别者对生育力保存的看法。
这项混合方法研究利用了澳大利亚跨性别和非二元成年人的便利样本，重点关注他们对生育力保存的决策。问卷由作者根据以前的研究构建。参与者通过澳大利亚的组织和由跨性别者或非二元性别者组成或与之合作的团体招募。问卷于 2018 年 1 月至 2 月开放。最终样本包括 409 名参与者。对封闭式回答进行了统计分析。对开放式回答进行了常规内容分析。
生育力保存的决定受到对遗传相关性重要性的看法、是否愿意延迟过渡、经济资源、已经有孩子或未来有孩子的愿望以及重要他人的看法的影响。只有少数参与者（7%）接受了决策前的咨询或辅导。很少有参与者（7%）进行了生育力保存，尽管 95%的参与者表示应该向所有跨性别者或非二元性别者提供生育力保存。认为遗传相关性重要的参与者更有可能进行生育力保存。
研究结果表明，在接受可能影响生育能力的治疗之前，应该向所有跨性别者或非二元性别者提供生育力保存作为一种选择。然而，也应该认识到，不是所有跨性别者或非二元性别者都希望进行生育力保存，而且不是所有人都能负担得起。
