Eilerts Diane F, VanderGiessen Morgen, Bose Elizabeth A, Broxton Kyera, Vinauger Clément
Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Insects. 2018 Oct 23;9(4):147. doi: 10.3390/insects9040147.
Many biological processes and behaviors in mosquitoes display rhythmic patterns, allowing for fine tuning to cyclic environmental conditions. In mosquitoes, vector-host interactions are primarily mediated by olfactory signals. Previous studies have established that, in the malaria vector , rhythmic expression of odorant binding proteins and takeout proteins in the antenna resulted in a corresponding rhythm in olfactory sensitivity to relevant host odors. However, it remained unclear how rhythms observed in olfactory sensitivity affect or explain rhythms in behavioral output, which ultimately impacts disease transmission. In order to address this knowledge gap, we quantified and compared patterns in locomotor activity, olfactory sensitivity, and olfactory behaviors in adult female mosquitoes. Here, we demonstrate an odorant-specific modulation of olfactory sensitivity in , decoupled from rhythms in olfactory behavior. Additionally, behavioral assays performed herein represent the first evidence of a time-dependence of the olfactory activation of behavior in mosquitoes. Results suggest that olfactory behavior of mosquitoes is modulated at both the peripheral (antenna) and central levels. As such, this work serves as a foundation for future studies aimed at further understanding the neural and molecular mechanisms underlying behavioral plasticity.
蚊子的许多生物过程和行为都呈现出节律模式，从而能够根据周期性的环境条件进行微调。在蚊子中，媒介与宿主的相互作用主要由嗅觉信号介导。先前的研究表明，在疟蚊中，触角中气味结合蛋白和外卖蛋白的节律性表达导致对相关宿主气味的嗅觉敏感性出现相应的节律。然而，目前尚不清楚在嗅觉敏感性中观察到的节律如何影响或解释行为输出中的节律，而行为输出最终会影响疾病传播。为了填补这一知识空白，我们对成年雌性蚊子的运动活动、嗅觉敏感性和嗅觉行为模式进行了量化和比较。在此，我们证明了在[具体蚊子种类未提及]中嗅觉敏感性存在气味特异性调制，且与嗅觉行为的节律解耦。此外，本文进行的行为分析首次证明了[具体蚊子种类未提及]中嗅觉激活行为存在时间依赖性。结果表明，[具体蚊子种类未提及]的嗅觉行为在周边（触角）和中枢水平均受到调节。因此，这项工作为未来旨在进一步了解行为可塑性背后的神经和分子机制的研究奠定了基础。
