Paul Matthew Robert, Hochwagen Andreas, Ercan Sevinç
Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
Curr Genet. 2019 Apr;65(2):407-415. doi: 10.1007/s00294-018-0899-4. Epub 2018 Oct 25.
Condensin is a multi-subunit protein complex that belongs to the family of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes. Condensins regulate chromosome structure in a wide range of processes including chromosome segregation, gene regulation, DNA repair and recombination. Recent research defined the structural features and molecular activities of condensins, but it is unclear how these activities are connected to the multitude of phenotypes and functions attributed to condensins. In this review, we briefly discuss the different molecular mechanisms by which condensins may regulate global chromosome compaction, organization of topologically associated domains, clustering of specific loci such as tRNA genes, rDNA segregation, and gene regulation.
凝聚素是一种多亚基蛋白复合体，属于染色体结构维持（SMC）复合体家族。凝聚素在包括染色体分离、基因调控、DNA修复和重组在内的广泛过程中调节染色体结构。最近的研究确定了凝聚素的结构特征和分子活性，但尚不清楚这些活性如何与归因于凝聚素的众多表型和功能相关联。在本综述中，我们简要讨论了凝聚素可能调节全局染色体压缩、拓扑相关结构域的组织、特定基因座（如tRNA基因）的聚类、rDNA分离和基因调控的不同分子机制。
