Blake M J, Stein E A, Czech D A
Brain Res. 1987 Jun 9;413(1):111-9. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(87)90159-4.
An in vivo autoradiographic technique permitted the visualization of discrete neuroanatomical changes in opiate receptor binding as a result of 23-h water deprivation and drinking. Two groups of rats (n = 5) were placed on a 23-h water deprivation schedule for 10 days. On the last day, one group was given access to water for 15 min. These groups, plus a matched ad libitum water control group (n = 5), received an injection of 0.002 mg/kg [3H]diprenorphine ([3H]Dpr) through chronically implanted jugular catheters followed by preparation for opiate receptor autoradiography. Relative cerebral blood flow was estimated non-quantitatively by the injection of 75 microCi/kg iodo-[14C]antipyrene into 3 additional groups identically treated. Results indicated that water-deprivation stress increased [3H]Dpr binding in the claustrum, lateral hypothalamus, amygdala and ventral tegmental area while decreasing binding in the medial frontal cortex, lateral septum, dorsolateral thalamus and central gray. All effects of water deprivation were reversed in animals receiving water. Observations of changes in relative blood flow were shown to have no correlation with changes in opiate receptor binding. It appears that water deprivation stress causes a reduction in opioid release in areas along the mesotelencephalic dopamine pathway which may contribute to a drive state. Water intake may then reduce or otherwise alter the drive state through the release of opioids along these pathways, contributing to the perception of reward.
一种体内放射自显影技术能够观察到由于23小时禁水和饮水导致的阿片受体结合的离散神经解剖学变化。两组大鼠（n = 5）按照23小时禁水方案处理10天。在最后一天，一组给予15分钟的饮水机会。这些组，加上一个自由饮水的匹配对照组（n = 5），通过长期植入的颈静脉导管注射0.002 mg/kg [3H]二丙诺啡（[3H]Dpr），随后准备进行阿片受体放射自显影。另外3组经过相同处理，通过注射75 μCi/kg碘代-[14C]安替比林非定量地估计相对脑血流量。结果表明，禁水应激增加了屏状核、外侧下丘脑、杏仁核和腹侧被盖区的[3H]Dpr结合，同时减少了内侧额叶皮质、外侧隔区、背外侧丘脑和中央灰质的结合。禁水的所有影响在饮水的动物中都得到了逆转。相对血流变化的观察结果显示与阿片受体结合的变化无关。似乎禁水应激导致中脑边缘多巴胺通路沿线区域的阿片类物质释放减少，这可能有助于形成一种驱动状态。然后，饮水可能通过沿这些通路释放阿片类物质来减少或以其他方式改变驱动状态，从而产生奖赏感。
