Naeem Nawaz Shahzada M, Alvi Shahzad
Punjab Economic Research Institute, Lahore, Pakistan.
School of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Heliyon. 2018 Oct 15;4(10):e00854. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00854. eCollection 2018 Oct.
One of the prime concern of policy makers should be to ensure energy security in the country. The case of Pakistan is interesting in a sense that with the growing age of the country, the increasing reliance on imported sources of energy is resulting in huge demand-supply gap which is evident in suppressed demand for electricity and natural gas. It has social, economic and environmental consequences. Most of the countries in the world have shifted their focus from imported to indigenous resources which are more often cheap, environmental friendly and provide competitiveness The study reveals, through exploring secondary data, descriptive analysis, Johanson Cointegration and Granger Causality test results based on error correction model, energy insecurity is damaging for environment and socio-economic conditions. The study suggests policy makers to move toward long run energy security to get environmental and socio-economic sustainability in the country through minimizing reliance on imported energy and promoting energy efficiency.
政策制定者最主要关心的问题之一应该是确保国家的能源安全。从某种意义上说，巴基斯坦的情况很有意思，随着国家的发展，对进口能源的依赖日益增加，导致了巨大的供需缺口，这在电力和天然气的需求受到抑制方面表现得很明显。这产生了社会、经济和环境方面的后果。世界上大多数国家已经将重点从进口资源转向本土资源，本土资源往往更便宜、环保且具有竞争力。该研究通过探索二手数据、描述性分析、基于误差修正模型的 Johanson 协整和格兰杰因果检验结果表明，能源不安全对环境和社会经济状况具有破坏性。该研究建议政策制定者朝着长期能源安全迈进，通过减少对进口能源的依赖并提高能源效率，在该国实现环境和社会经济的可持续发展。
