Department of Petroleum Engineering, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420008.
Faculty of Petroleum and Petrochemistry, Kazan National Research Technological University, Karl Marx Str., 68, Kazan, Russian Federation, 420015.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 14;11(1):8107. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87398-2.
Heavy oil and vacuum residue were used to obtain road bitumen BND 50/70 using two different methods of steam distillation at 323-362 °C and by oxidation, a method using packed column at temperature of 211-220 °C. The obtained residues using two methods steam distillation and oxidation are known as non-oxidized bitumen and oxidized bitumen, respectively. The products were evaluated using different standards including GOST 33133-2014, GOST 22245-90, and ASTM D5. The results showed that the yield of oxidized bitumen reached a maximal rate of 89.59% wt., while that of non-oxidized bitumen is 55% wt. The softening point of oxidized bitumen is 49-57 °C compared to non-oxidized bitumen (46-49 °C). Remarkably, the previous softening point and penetrability of 47-71 points of oxidized bitumen are consistent with norms to BND 50/70 bitumen, according standard. The non-oxidized bitumen has a relatively low softening point and a higher penetration value of 71-275, which refers to BND 200/300 bitumen. Comparatively, the use of a packed column is beneficial than the steam distillation, due to high capability of the nozzles to strengthens contact between feedstock and compressed air in the reaction zone and decreases the reaction time to 4.15 h.
在 323-362℃下采用水蒸汽蒸馏法，以及在 211-220℃下采用填充床氧化法，分别以稠油和减压渣油为原料制取 BND50/70 道路沥青。这两种工艺得到的残渣分别称为未氧化渣油和氧化渣油。采用 GOST33133-2014、GOST22245-90 和 ASTM D5 等不同标准对产品进行评价。结果表明，氧化渣油的产率最高可达 89.59%（wt），而非氧化渣油的产率为 55%（wt）。氧化渣油的软化点为 49-57℃，而非氧化渣油的软化点为 46-49℃。值得注意的是，氧化渣油的软化点和针入度在前 47-71 点范围内符合 BND50/70 沥青的规范，而未氧化渣油的针入度在前 71-275 点范围内则符合 BND200/300 沥青的规范。与水蒸汽蒸馏法相比，采用填充床工艺具有优势，因为在反应区中，喷嘴增强了原料与压缩空气之间的接触，从而缩短了反应时间，仅需 4.15h。
