Adjei Isaac M, Temples Madison N, Brown Shannon B, Sharma Blanka
J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, FL, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2018 Oct 25;10(4):205. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10040205.
Bone metastases are common complications of solid tumors, particularly those of the prostate, breast, and lungs. Bone metastases can lead to painful and devastating skeletal-related events (SREs), such as pathological fractures and nerve compressions. Despite advances in treatment for cancers in general, options for bone metastases remain inadequate and generally palliative. Anticancer drugs (chemotherapy and radiopharmaceuticals) do not achieve therapeutic concentrations in the bone and are associated with dose-limiting side effects to healthy tissues. Nanomedicines, with their tunable characteristics, have the potential to improve drug targeting to bone metastases while decreasing side effects for their effective treatment. In this review, we present the current state of the art for nanomedicines to treat bone metastases. We also discuss new treatment modalities enhanced by nanomedicine and their effects on SREs and disease progression.
骨转移是实体瘤常见的并发症，尤其是前列腺癌、乳腺癌和肺癌的骨转移。骨转移可导致疼痛性且具有破坏性的骨相关事件（SREs），如病理性骨折和神经压迫。尽管总体上癌症治疗取得了进展，但骨转移的治疗选择仍然不足，且通常为姑息性治疗。抗癌药物（化疗药物和放射性药物）在骨骼中无法达到治疗浓度，并且会对健康组织产生剂量限制性副作用。纳米药物具有可调节的特性，有可能改善对骨转移的药物靶向性，同时减少副作用以实现有效治疗。在本综述中，我们介绍了纳米药物治疗骨转移的当前技术水平。我们还讨论了由纳米药物增强的新治疗模式及其对骨相关事件和疾病进展的影响。
