State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Centre for Eye Research Australia, Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019 May;47(4):439-444. doi: 10.1111/ceo.13431. Epub 2018 Nov 18.
Data on the incidence of presenting vision impairment (PVI) and spectacle coverage rate (SCR) in urban China is limited.
To estimate the 6-year incidence and risk factors for PVI and the SCR in urban Southern China.
Population-based cohort study.
A total of 1817 participants aged ≥35 years were identified from Guangzhou in 2008 at baseline and 1427 attended follow-up examination in 2014.
Presenting visual acuity (PVA) was measured using the ETDRS chart with habitual spectacles. Participants with PVA ≤20/40 underwent subjective refraction at the follow-up visit. Incidence of PVI was calculated using the WHO and US criteria, respectively. The met-need SCR was defined as the percentage of participants with PVA <20/40 that had been improved to ≥20/40 after correction.
Incidence of PVI and SCR.
Incidence of PVI was 8.3% (95%CI, 6.9-9.8) and 12.2% (95%CI, 10.5-14.0) based on the WHO and US definition, respectively. Older age, female, lower education level, more myopic spherical equivalent and worse PVA at baseline were significantly related to a higher PVI incidence based on the WHO criteria, with similar associations identified using the US criteria except for gender. The overall met-need SCR was 42.5%, and was lower among the elderly, more hyperopic participants or participants with lower education level.
The incidence of PVI is high in urban Southern China and spectacle wearing is available in less than half of those in need. This highlights the needs to promote spectacle coverage even in the urban population.
中国城市中呈现视力损伤（PVI）和眼镜覆盖率（SCR）的数据有限。
估计中国南方城市 6 年 PVI 的发生率和危险因素以及 SCR。
基于人群的队列研究。
共有 1817 名年龄≥35 岁的参与者于 2008 年在基线时从广州被确定，其中 1427 名在 2014 年参加了随访检查。
使用 ETDRS 图表和习惯眼镜测量眼前视力（PVA）。PVA≤20/40 的参与者在随访时接受主观屈光。分别使用世卫组织和美国标准计算 PVI 的发生率。定义满足需求的 SCR 为 PVA<20/40 的参与者中，经矫正后视力提高到≥20/40 的百分比。
PVI 和 SCR 的发生率。
根据世卫组织和美国的定义，PVI 的发生率分别为 8.3%（95%CI，6.9-9.8）和 12.2%（95%CI，10.5-14.0）。基于世卫组织标准，年龄较大、女性、较低的教育程度、更大的近视等效球镜和基线时更差的 PVA 与较高的 PVI 发生率显著相关，而使用美国标准则存在类似的关联，除性别外。总的满足需求的 SCR 为 42.5%，在老年人、远视程度较高或教育程度较低的参与者中较低。
中国南方城市的 PVI 发生率较高，而有需求的人中不到一半佩戴眼镜。这突显了即使在城市人口中也需要促进眼镜覆盖率的提高。
