Department of Human Nutrition, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin,
Department of Food Process Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2018;73(4):290-301. doi: 10.1159/000493274. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Obesity is the most common disease of affluence of the XXI century. According to WHO (World Health Organization), it is defined as a chronic metabolic disorder manifested by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue with high tendency for familial occurrence. According to WHO, obesity reaches epidemic proportions in many countries. High BMI (Body Mass Index) correlates with coexisting diseases. Traditional dietetic treatment often does not bring any results. A form of conservative (non-surgical) support for patients in fighting with obesity is the reduction of stomach volume by bioenteric intragastric balloon (BIB) treatment. The aim of the work was to develop a diet with anti-inflammatory properties, well-tolerated by the patients after BIB treatment. An American diet was modified by changing the composition of fatty acids, increasing anti-oxidative potential and adding synbiotics for patients treated with BIB. Chemical analysis of reconstructed food ratios of recommended diet was performed, analysing the content of micronutrients, composition of fatty acids, antioxidative capacity, reducing power and the content of polyphenols. Improvement in anthropometric measurement results and satisfying body weight loss were obtained, while preserving fat-free body mass. Improvement in the parameters of lipid metabolism was also observed, that is, decrease in total CH (cholesterol) and TG (triglycerides), and normalized concentration of HDL (high density lipoproteins) and LDL (low density lipoproteins) fractions. Reduced concentration of glucose in blood and lower blood pressure was also noted. Performed study confirms the effectiveness of complex treatment with BIB and properly adjusted individualized diet. Observations and own experience allow to deduce that patients who resign from systematic contact with a dietician cannot maintain reduced body weight. Abandoning previous habits is the only way to maintain the effect of weight loss. Most importantly, the change in patients' awareness and consequent behaviour in the future are crucial. Even though genes may contribute to obesity, environmental factors mainly determine the possibility of the disease to occur. Therefore, the change of patients' lifestyle after body weight reduction will decide on their fate.
肥胖是 21 世纪最常见的富裕病。世界卫生组织（WHO）将其定义为一种以脂肪组织过度积累为特征的慢性代谢性疾病，具有高家族发生倾向。根据 WHO 的数据，肥胖在许多国家已达到流行程度。高 BMI（体重指数）与并存疾病相关。传统的饮食治疗往往没有任何效果。一种针对肥胖患者的保守（非手术）支持形式是通过生物可吸收胃内气球（BIB）治疗减少胃容量。这项工作的目的是为接受 BIB 治疗的患者开发一种具有抗炎特性且患者能耐受的饮食。通过改变脂肪酸组成、增加抗氧化潜力并添加共生元，对美国饮食进行了修改。对推荐饮食的重构食物比例进行了化学分析，分析了微量营养素的含量、脂肪酸的组成、抗氧化能力、还原能力和多酚的含量。在保持去脂体重的同时，获得了改善的人体测量学测量结果和令人满意的体重减轻。还观察到脂质代谢参数的改善，即总胆固醇（CH）和甘油三酯（TG）降低，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的浓度正常化。还注意到血糖浓度降低和血压降低。所进行的研究证实了 BIB 与适当调整的个体化饮食相结合的综合治疗的有效性。观察和自身经验使我们得出结论，即那些放弃与营养师系统接触的患者无法维持减轻的体重。放弃以前的习惯是维持减肥效果的唯一途径。最重要的是，患者未来的意识和行为变化是至关重要的。尽管基因可能导致肥胖，但环境因素主要决定了患病的可能性。因此，体重减轻后患者生活方式的改变将决定他们的命运。
