Nutt D, Molyneux S
Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 1987 Apr;2(2):151-7. doi: 10.1097/00004850-198704000-00009.
The effects of a single (15 mg) dose of diazepam, a 3-week course of diazepam (25 mg/d) and its withdrawal on plasma MHPG and the reduction produced by clonidine (1.5 micrograms kg-1 i.v.) were studied in 8 male volunteers. Chronic diagram reduced, but not significantly, plasma MHPG and attenuated the reduction produced Gyclonidine. During the withdrawal phase MHPG levels were significantly enhanced and the lowering produced by clonidine was also greater. These results support the hypothesis that some aspects of benzodiazepine withdrawal may reflect excessive central noradrenergic activity.
在8名男性志愿者中研究了单次（15毫克）剂量地西泮、为期3周的地西泮疗程（25毫克/天）及其撤药对血浆3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇（MHPG）的影响，以及可乐定（1.5微克/千克静脉注射）所产生的降低作用。长期服用地西泮使血浆MHPG降低，但不显著，并且减弱了可乐定所产生的降低作用。在撤药阶段，MHPG水平显著升高，可乐定所产生的降低作用也更大。这些结果支持了这样的假说，即苯二氮䓬类药物撤药的某些方面可能反映了中枢去甲肾上腺素能活性过高。
