Chen Xin, Williams Chris
Molecular Cell Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Subcell Biochem. 2018;89:67-83. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_3.
Peroxisomes in fungi are involved in a huge number of different metabolic processes. In addition, non-metabolic functions have also been identified. The proteins that are present in a particular peroxisome determine its metabolic function, whether they are the matrix localized enzymes of the different metabolic pathways or the membrane proteins involved in transport of metabolites across the peroxisomal membrane. Other peroxisomal proteins play a role in organelle biogenesis and dynamics, such as fission, transport and inheritance. Hence, obtaining a complete overview of which proteins are present in peroxisomes at a given time or under a given growth condition provides invaluable insights into peroxisome biology. Bottom up approaches are ideal to follow one or a few proteins at a time but they are not able to give a global view of the content of peroxisomes. To gain such information, top down approaches are required and one that has provided valuable insights into peroxisome function is mass spectrometry based organellar proteomics. Here, we discuss the findings of several such studies in yeast and filamentous fungi and outline new insights into peroxisomal function that were gained from these studies.
真菌中的过氧化物酶体参与大量不同的代谢过程。此外，还发现了其非代谢功能。特定过氧化物酶体中存在的蛋白质决定了它的代谢功能，无论这些蛋白质是不同代谢途径中定位于基质的酶，还是参与代谢物跨过氧化物酶体膜运输的膜蛋白。其他过氧化物酶体蛋白在细胞器的生物发生和动态变化中发挥作用，如分裂、运输和遗传。因此，全面了解在特定时间或特定生长条件下过氧化物酶体中存在哪些蛋白质，能为过氧化物酶体生物学提供宝贵的见解。自下而上的方法一次跟踪一种或几种蛋白质很理想，但无法全面了解过氧化物酶体的内容物。为了获得此类信息，需要自上而下的方法，基于质谱的细胞器蛋白质组学为过氧化物酶体功能提供了有价值的见解。在此，我们讨论酵母和丝状真菌中几项此类研究的结果，并概述从这些研究中获得的关于过氧化物酶体功能的新见解。
