Pharmazeutisches Institut, Abteilung Pharmazeutische Biologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118 Kiel, Germany.
Molecules. 2018 Oct 30;23(11):2821. doi: 10.3390/molecules23112821.
The present review gives an overview about natural products from the holoparasitic genus (Orobanchaceae). We cover both genuine natural products as well as compounds sequestered by taxa from their host plants. However, the distinction between these two categories is not always easy. In cases where the respective authors had not indicated the opposite, all compounds detected in taxa were regarded as genuine natural products. From the about 200 species of s.l. (i.e., including ) known worldwide, only 26 species have so far been investigated phytochemically (22 and four species), from 17 and three species defined natural products (and not only natural product classes) have been reported. For two species of and one of dedicated studies have been performed to analyze the phenomenon of natural product sequestration by parasitic plants from their host plants. In total, 70 presumably genuine natural products and 19 sequestered natural products have been described from s.l.; these form the basis of 140 chemosystematic records (natural product reports per taxon). Bioactivities described for s.l. extracts and natural products isolated from species include in addition to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, e.g., analgesic, antifungal and antibacterial activities, inhibition of amyloid β aggregation, memory enhancing effects as well as anti-hypertensive effects, inhibition of blood platelet aggregation, and diuretic effects. Moreover, muscle relaxant and anti-spasmodic effects as well as anti-photoaging effects have been described.
本综述概述了全寄生属（列当科）的天然产物。我们涵盖了真正的天然产物以及从宿主植物中分离出的类群化合物。然而，这两类化合物之间的区别并不总是那么容易。在各自的作者没有指出相反的情况下，所有在类群中检测到的化合物都被视为真正的天然产物。在全世界约 200 种（即包括）的物种中，目前只有 26 种已被植物化学研究（22 种和 4 种），从 17 种和 3 种定义的物种中报告了天然产物（而不仅仅是天然产物类别）。对于两种和一种专门研究了寄生植物从宿主植物中摄取天然产物的现象。总共从属中描述了 70 种推测为真正的天然产物和 19 种摄取的天然产物；这些形成了 140 种化学分类记录（每个分类群的天然产物报告）的基础。从属种的提取物和从种中分离出的天然产物描述的生物活性除了抗氧化和抗炎作用外，还包括镇痛、抗真菌和抗菌活性、抑制淀粉样β聚集、增强记忆作用以及抗高血压作用、抑制血小板聚集和利尿作用。此外，还描述了肌肉松弛和抗痉挛作用以及抗光老化作用。
