a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , TX , USA.
b Department of Biotechnology , Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, University of Alexandria , Alexandria , Egypt.
Expert Rev Proteomics. 2018 Dec;15(12):1007-1031. doi: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1543594. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Aberrant glycosylation has been associated with many diseases. Decades of research activities have reported many reliable glycan biomarkers of different diseases which enable effective disease diagnostics and prognostics. However, none of the glycan markers have been approved for clinical diagnosis. Thus, a review of these studies is needed to guide the successful clinical translation. Area covered: In this review, we describe and discuss advances in analytical methods enabling clinical glycan biomarker discovery, focusing only on studies of released glycans. This review also summarizes the different glycobiomarkers identified for cancers, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, hepatitis B and C, and other diseases. Expert commentary: Along with the development of techniques in quantitative glycomics, more glycans or glycan patterns have been reported as better potential biomarkers of different diseases and proved to have greater diagnostic/diagnostic sensitivity and specificity than existing markers. However, to successfully apply glycan markers in clinical diagnosis, more studies and verifications on large biological cohorts need to be performed. In addition, faster and more efficient glycomic strategies need to be developed to shorten the turnaround time. Thus, glycan biomarkers have an immense chance to be used in clinical prognosis and diagnosis of many diseases in the near future.
糖基化异常与许多疾病有关。几十年来的研究活动已经报道了许多不同疾病的可靠聚糖生物标志物，这些标志物能够实现有效的疾病诊断和预后。然而，没有一种聚糖标记物被批准用于临床诊断。因此，需要对这些研究进行综述，以指导成功的临床转化。
在这篇综述中，我们描述和讨论了能够实现临床聚糖生物标志物发现的分析方法的进展，这些方法仅侧重于对释放聚糖的研究。本文还总结了不同癌症、阿尔茨海默病、糖尿病、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎以及其他疾病的生物标志物。
随着定量糖组学技术的发展，更多的聚糖或聚糖模式被报道为不同疾病更好的潜在生物标志物，并被证明比现有标志物具有更高的诊断/诊断灵敏度和特异性。然而，为了成功地将聚糖标志物应用于临床诊断，需要在更大的生物队列上进行更多的研究和验证。此外，需要开发更快、更有效的糖组学策略来缩短周转时间。因此，聚糖生物标志物在不久的将来极有可能用于许多疾病的临床预后和诊断。
