Khoury Adonice, Runnstrom Martin, Ebied Alex, Penny Ellen S
College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Department of Medicine, UF Health Shands Hospital, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Oct 30;2018:bcr-2018-226597. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-226597.
We report a case of a hospitalised patient who developed probable serotonin toxicity shortly after the initiation of linezolid in whom the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) escitalopram had been recently discontinued. On day 2 of linezolid administration, the patient reported severe anxiety and was observed to have full body jerking and twitching motions without mental status change. Notably, the patient was concomitantly receiving the antidepressant, trazodone and the benzodiazepine, clonazepam possibly affecting the severity and manifestations of serotonin toxicity. Linezolid was discontinued after 5 days and the patient's symptoms resolved. Serotonin toxicity can present with an array of symptoms and be life threatening if left unrecognised. This report highlights the clinical lessons that discontinuation of an SSRI upon initiation of linezolid does not eliminate the risk of serotonin toxicity and that other concomitant medications may worsen or improve some of the symptoms lending delay and uncertainty to the diagnosis.
我们报告了一例住院患者,该患者在开始使用利奈唑胺后不久出现了可能的5-羟色胺毒性,其近期停用了选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)艾司西酞普兰。在使用利奈唑胺的第2天,患者报告有严重焦虑,观察到全身有抽搐和颤动动作,但精神状态无变化。值得注意的是,该患者同时正在服用抗抑郁药曲唑酮和苯二氮䓬类药物氯硝西泮,这可能影响了5-羟色胺毒性的严重程度和表现。5天后停用利奈唑胺,患者症状缓解。5-羟色胺毒性可表现出一系列症状,若未被识别则可能危及生命。本报告强调了临床经验教训,即在开始使用利奈唑胺时停用SSRI并不能消除5-羟色胺毒性风险,且其他同时服用的药物可能会使某些症状加重或改善,从而导致诊断延迟和存在不确定性。