Brailsford Alan D, Majidin Wan Noor Mahirah, Wojek Nick, Cowan David A, Walker Christopher
Drug Control Centre, King's Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
UK Anti-Doping, Fleetbank House, 2-6 Salisbury Square, London, EC4Y 8AE, UK.
Drug Test Anal. 2018 Nov;10(11-12):1722-1727. doi: 10.1002/dta.2530. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are the most widely abused class of drugs by athletes and thus represent a significant problem to the anti-doping community. Confirmation of a doping violation for AAS cannot always be based on their presence alone due to the endogenous production of some steroids. Both testosterone (and its metabolites) and the major diagnostic metabolite of nandrolone (19-norandrosterone) are produced endogenously. Gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS) is used in such cases to differentiate between the administration of a synthetic preparation and endogenous steroid production by measurement of their differing carbon isotope ( C/ C) ratio. The purpose of this study was to investigate the availability of steroid preparations in the UK with a C content analytically indistinguishable from that of endogenous steroids. Fourteen preparations containing nandrolone (n = 9) and testosterone (n = 5) were analyzed. The δ C values were determined using GC-C-IRMS and the identity of the steroid preparations was confirmed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ten steroid preparations displayed δ C values within the range expected for synthetic steroids (less than -27‰). However, four nandrolone preparations displayed δ C values that overlap with the values considered to be endogenous in origin (range: -26 to -16‰). Misuse of these preparations could prevent the confirmation of nandrolone administration using GC-C-IRMS in anti-doping cases.
合成代谢雄激素类固醇（AAS）是运动员滥用最为广泛的一类药物，因此对反兴奋剂领域而言是一个重大问题。由于某些类固醇是内源性产生的，所以不能仅凭其存在就确定AAS的兴奋剂违规行为。睾酮（及其代谢物）和诺龙的主要诊断性代谢物（19-去甲雄酮）都是内源性产生的。在这种情况下，气相色谱-燃烧-同位素比率质谱法（GC-C-IRMS）用于通过测量合成制剂和内源性类固醇产生的不同碳同位素（C/C）比率来区分两者。本研究的目的是调查在英国市场上碳含量在分析上与内源性类固醇无法区分的类固醇制剂的可得性。对14种含有诺龙（n = 9）和睾酮（n = 5）的制剂进行了分析。使用GC-C-IRMS测定δC值，并使用气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）确认类固醇制剂的身份。10种类固醇制剂的δC值在合成类固醇预期范围内（小于-27‰）。然而，有4种诺龙制剂的δC值与被认为是内源性来源的值重叠（范围：-26至-16‰）。在反兴奋剂案件中，滥用这些制剂可能会妨碍使用GC-C-IRMS确认诺龙的使用情况。
