Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Medicine, 760 Westwood Plaza, Rm A8-256, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2018 Dec;270:656-660. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.10.054. Epub 2018 Oct 24.
Parental expressed emotion (EE) attitudes are important prognostic indicators in the course of bipolar disorder (BD) in adolescents and adults. This study examined the hypothesis that parents' own susceptibility to affective disturbances contributes to their likelihood of high-EE attitudes. We examined past-week levels of emotional distress, lifetime affective diagnoses, and family histories of affective disorder among high- and low-EE parents of 86 adolescents with bipolar I or II disorder who were recovering from an episode of depression or (hypo) mania. High EE parents endorsed higher concurrent levels of depression, anxiety, and anger/hostility than low EE parents, and reported a greater familial history of depression and BD. No differences between high and low EE parents were found in concurrent levels of interpersonal sensitivity, lifetime rates of affective disorders, or familial loading of anxiety disorder. Parents' distress at the time of the EE assessment was the strongest correlate of EE. The results suggest that susceptibility to affective psychopathology may be an important contributor to the development of EE attitudes among parents of adolescents with BD.
父母的情绪表达（EE）态度是青少年和成人双相情感障碍（BD）病程的重要预后指标。本研究检验了这样一个假设，即父母自身对情感障碍的易感性会影响他们产生高 EE 态度的可能性。我们检查了 86 名双相 I 或 II 障碍青少年父母的上一周的情绪困扰程度、终身情感诊断和情感障碍家族史，这些青少年正从抑郁或（轻）躁狂发作中恢复。高 EE 父母比低 EE 父母表现出更高的当前抑郁、焦虑和愤怒/敌意水平，并且报告了更多的抑郁和 BD 家族史。在当前的人际敏感、终身情感障碍发生率或焦虑障碍家族发病率方面，高 EE 和低 EE 父母之间没有差异。在进行 EE 评估时父母的痛苦是 EE 的最强相关因素。结果表明，易感性情感病理可能是青少年 BD 父母产生 EE 态度的一个重要因素。
