Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Casablanca, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Team Immunity and Cancer, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Inserm, U1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France.
J Leukoc Biol. 2019 Feb;105(2):243-255. doi: 10.1002/JLB.MR0318-097R. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
Although immune-based therapy is proving to be a success in several cancer types, only a set of patients appear to respond to immune checkpoint blockade including PD-1 and CTLA-4. A better understanding of the crucial components of cancer immunity is therefore necessary. T lymphocytes, a key element, are found within the tumor microenvironment and seem to be critical in determining the efficacy of immune surveillance. In this review, we will depict the pro- and antitumor roles of major T cell subsets in distinct cancer tissues. The central role of the mainly antitumor subsets, cytotoxic T cells and Th1 cells, will be delineated. Subsequently, we will indicate how other subsets including Th2, Th17, and T regulatory cells exhibit ambivalent roles. We will also describe the emerging and favorable role of Th9 cells in cancer immunity. In parallel, we will go through main mechanisms by which these cells operate, and will pinpoint pathways, which could be used as potential therapeutic targets in order to positively impact the immune response and ameliorate patients' clinical outcome.
尽管基于免疫的疗法在几种癌症类型中被证明是成功的，但只有一部分患者似乎对免疫检查点阻断（包括 PD-1 和 CTLA-4）有反应。因此，有必要更好地了解癌症免疫的关键组成部分。T 淋巴细胞是一个关键元素，存在于肿瘤微环境中，似乎在决定免疫监视的疗效方面至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们将描述主要 T 细胞亚群在不同癌症组织中的促肿瘤和抗肿瘤作用。将描绘主要抗肿瘤亚群，细胞毒性 T 细胞和 Th1 细胞的核心作用。随后，我们将指出其他亚群，包括 Th2、Th17 和 T 调节细胞，表现出矛盾的作用。我们还将描述 Th9 细胞在癌症免疫中新兴的有利作用。与此同时，我们将研究这些细胞发挥作用的主要机制，并确定可以用作潜在治疗靶点的途径，以积极影响免疫反应并改善患者的临床结果。
