a Obstetrics and Gynecology Department , Zahedan University of Medical Sciences , Zahedan , Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
b Medical Science , Ali-Ibn Abitalib Hospital , Zahedan , Iran (the Islamic Republic of).
Clin Exp Hypertens. 2019;41(6):583-588. doi: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1523919. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
: Blood pressure dysfunctions are one of the biggest complications and causes of maternal mortality during pregnancy. The aim of the present study is to evaluate some of the clinical and demographic risk factors in various aspects, both of which can help to better understand the causes and reduce the incidence of preeclampsia. : This nested case-control study was carried out on 270 pregnant women with preeclampsia as the case group and 270 pregnant women who did not have symptoms of preeclampsia at the time of referral were interviewed according to inclusion criteria as the control group. The factors studied included age, body mass index, history of hypertension in mother, history of diabetes in mother, history of lupus in mother, number of pregnancies, history of preeclampsia in previous pregnancies, twin or more pregnancies, season of occurrence, maternal educational level, maternal blood group, maternal occupation status, infant's sex and smoking status which were compared etween the two groups. test and Chi-square tests were used to compare the variables in both groups. Fisher's exact test or Mann-Whitney test was used if necessary. : Of the 6929 pregnant women who participated in our study, 541 (7.8%) had preeclampsia. The means of body mass index (BMI) (24.86% versus 23.52%) ( = 0.032), the history of hypertension (19.3% versus 10.7%) ( = 0.006), history of preeclampsia in previous pregnancies (60.2% versus 13.3%) ( < 0.001), low level of education and illiteracy (51.1% versus 39.6%) ( = 0.028), and twin or more pregnancies (5.6% versus 2.2%) ( = 0.045) were significantly higher in the case group when compared to the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of age and number of pregnancies and the frequency of diabetes and lupus, the frequency of maternal occupation, maternal smoking, maternal blood group, and season of occurrence in the two groups ( > 0.05). : Maternal BMI, maternal hypertension, history of preeclampsia in previous pregnancies, low maternal educational status, and twin or multiple pregnancies might be the risk factors for preeclampsia during pregnancy.
血压功能障碍是妊娠期间产妇死亡的最大并发症和原因之一。本研究的目的是评估各种临床和人口统计学风险因素，这两者都有助于更好地了解原因并降低子痫前期的发病率。本巢式病例对照研究共纳入 270 例子痫前期孕妇为病例组，按照纳入标准，对 270 例转诊时无子痫前期症状的孕妇进行访谈，作为对照组。研究的因素包括年龄、体重指数、母亲高血压史、母亲糖尿病史、母亲狼疮史、妊娠次数、既往妊娠子痫前期史、双胞胎或更多胎次、发病季节、母亲受教育程度、母亲血型、母亲职业状况、婴儿性别和吸烟状况，对两组间进行比较。两组间的变量比较采用 t 检验和卡方检验。必要时采用 Fisher 确切检验或 Mann-Whitney U 检验。在参与本研究的 6929 例孕妇中，541 例（7.8%）患有子痫前期。两组间体重指数（BMI）（24.86%比 23.52%）（=0.032）、高血压史（19.3%比 10.7%）（=0.006）、既往妊娠子痫前期史（60.2%比 13.3%）（<0.001）、低水平教育和文盲（51.1%比 39.6%）（=0.028）和双胞胎或更多胎次（5.6%比 2.2%）（=0.045）的均值差异有统计学意义。两组间年龄和妊娠次数的均值和标准差、糖尿病和狼疮的频率、母亲职业、母亲吸烟、母亲血型和发病季节的频率差异无统计学意义（>0.05）。母体 BMI、母体高血压、既往妊娠子痫前期史、低母体教育程度和双胞胎或多胎妊娠可能是妊娠子痫前期的危险因素。
