Pageaux Benjamin, Lepers Romuald
École de kinésiologie et des sciences de l'activité physique (EKSAP), Faculté de médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, UFR des Sciences du Sport, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
Prog Brain Res. 2018;240:291-315. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.10.004. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
Mental fatigue is known to increase subjective feelings of fatigue and to decrease cognitive performance, but its impact on physical performance remains poorly understood. The aim of this chapter was to review the results of 29 studies published between 2009 and April 2018 and focusing on the impact of mental fatigue on sport-related performance. Taken all studies together, it appears that mental fatigue impairs endurance performance, motor skills performance and decision-making performance. However, maximal force production is not reduced in the presence of mental fatigue. These observations suggest that mental fatigue impairs sport-related performance during exercises performed at a submaximal intensity and not during exercises performed at maximal and supramaximal intensity. The negative impact of mental fatigue on submaximal exercises seems to be mediated by an increase in perception of effort. Future studies should now identify the physiological alterations induced by mental fatigue and responsible of the increased perceived effort.
众所周知，精神疲劳会增加主观疲劳感并降低认知表现，但其对身体表现的影响仍知之甚少。本章的目的是回顾2009年至2018年4月期间发表的29项研究结果，这些研究聚焦于精神疲劳对与运动相关表现的影响。综合所有研究来看，精神疲劳似乎会损害耐力表现、运动技能表现和决策表现。然而，在存在精神疲劳的情况下，最大力量产生并未降低。这些观察结果表明，精神疲劳会损害在次最大强度运动期间与运动相关的表现，而不是在最大和超最大强度运动期间。精神疲劳对次最大强度运动的负面影响似乎是由努力感的增加介导的。现在，未来的研究应该确定由精神疲劳引起的、并导致努力感增加的生理改变。
