Nanoscale Science and Technology Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330031, PR China.
Nanoscale Science and Technology Laboratory, Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, PR China.
Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2019 Jan;1861(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.10.013. Epub 2018 Oct 26.
The composition, structure, production, motion, fate, and functions of cell-bound membrane vesicles pre-existing in the plasma membrane of cells are poorly understood. Here, single-vesicle tracking of individual cell-bound membrane vesicles in the plasma membrane of endothelial cells treated with or without various reagents was performed to investigate the motion of cell-bound membrane vesicles. The efficacy of each of these reagents was confirmed prior to single-vesicle tracking. Via single-vesicle tracking, we found that oxLDL, TNF-α, and VEGFα significantly increased the average number of cell-bound membrane vesicles per cell, implying that cell activation by oxLDL, TNF-α, and VEGFα could trigger the production of cell-bound membrane vesicles. It was also found that oxLDL, TNF-α, VEGFα, LPS, and MβCD but not LDL could significantly affect the motion speed of cell-bound membrane whereas none of them could significantly influence the displacement (moving range) of cell-bound membrane vesicles. The single-vesicle tracking further revealed that the average number of cell-bound membrane vesicles per cell and the mean speed/displacement of individual cell-bound membrane vesicles could be dramatically altered by the cytoskeleton-disrupting reagents (cytochalasin D and nocodazole). The data imply that the production and movement of cell-bound membrane vesicles are probably controlled by intracellular cytoskeletons and capable of being affected by multiple conditions e.g. cell activation, membrane fluidity alteration, and others.
细胞结合膜泡在细胞膜中预先存在的组成、结构、产生、运动、命运和功能还了解甚少。在这里，通过对用或不用各种试剂处理的内皮细胞的质膜中的单个细胞结合膜泡进行单囊泡跟踪，来研究细胞结合膜泡的运动。在进行单囊泡跟踪之前，先确认了每种试剂的功效。通过单囊泡跟踪，我们发现 oxLDL、TNF-α 和 VEGFα 显著增加了每个细胞的细胞结合膜泡的平均数量，这意味着 oxLDL、TNF-α 和 VEGFα 对细胞的激活可以触发细胞结合膜泡的产生。还发现 oxLDL、TNF-α、VEGFα、LPS 和 MβCD 但不是 LDL 可以显著影响细胞结合膜泡的运动速度，而它们都不能显著影响细胞结合膜泡的位移（移动范围）。单囊泡跟踪进一步表明，细胞结合膜泡的平均数量和单个细胞结合膜泡的平均速度/位移可以被细胞骨架破坏试剂（细胞松弛素 D 和诺考达唑）显著改变。这些数据表明，细胞结合膜泡的产生和运动可能受细胞内细胞骨架的控制，并可能受到多种条件的影响，例如细胞激活、膜流动性改变等。
