Karmazyn Morris, Gan Xiaohong Tracey
London, Ontario, Canada.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2019 Apr;97(4):265-276. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0440. Epub 2018 Nov 5.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with elevated blood glucose levels due either to insufficient insulin production (type 1 DM) or to insulin resistance (type 2 DM). The incidence of DM around the world continues to rise dramatically with more than 400 million cases reported today. Among the most serious consequences of chronic DM are cardiovascular complications that can have deleterious effects. Although numerous treatment options are available, including both pharmacological and nonpharmacological, there is substantial emerging interest in the use of traditional medicines for the treatment of this condition and its complications. Among these is ginseng, a medicinal herb that belongs to the genus Panax and has been used for thousands of years as a medicinal agent especially in Asian cultures. There is emerging evidence from both animal and clinical studies that ginseng, ginseng constituents including ginsenosides, and ginseng-containing formulations can produce beneficial effects in terms of normalization of blood glucose levels and attenuation of cardiovascular complications through a multiplicity of mechanisms. Although more research is required, ginseng may offer a useful therapy for the treatment of diabetes as well as its complications.
糖尿病（DM）是一种慢性代谢紊乱疾病，其血糖水平升高是由于胰岛素分泌不足（1型糖尿病）或胰岛素抵抗（2型糖尿病）所致。目前全球糖尿病发病率持续急剧上升，据报道现有超过4亿病例。慢性糖尿病最严重的后果之一是心血管并发症，可能产生有害影响。尽管有多种治疗选择，包括药物治疗和非药物治疗，但使用传统药物治疗这种疾病及其并发症的兴趣正在大幅增加。其中包括人参，它是一种属于人参属的草药，数千年来一直作为药物使用，尤其在亚洲文化中。动物和临床研究均有新证据表明，人参、包括人参皂苷在内的人参成分以及含人参制剂可通过多种机制在使血糖水平正常化和减轻心血管并发症方面产生有益效果。尽管还需要更多研究，但人参可能为糖尿病及其并发症的治疗提供一种有用的疗法。
