Department of Plant Genetic Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
Department of Plant Physiology, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvásár, Hungary.
PLoS One. 2018 Nov 5;13(11):e0206248. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206248. eCollection 2018.
Interspecific hybridization between bread wheat (Triticum aestivum, 2n = 42) and related species allows the transfer of agronomic and quality traits, whereby subsequent generations comprise an improved genetic background and can be directly applied in wheat breeding programmes. While wild relatives are frequently used as sources of agronomically favourable traits, cultivated species can also improve wheat quality and stress resistance. A salt-tolerant 'Asakaze'/'Manas' 7H disomic addition line (2n = 44) with elevated β-glucan content, but with low fertility and an unstable genetic background was developed in an earlier wheat-barley prebreeding programme. The aim of the present study was to take this hybridization programme further and transfer the favourable barley traits into a more stable genetic background. Taking advantage of the breakage-fusion mechanism of univalent chromosomes, the 'Rannaya' winter wheat 7B monosomic line was used as female partner to the 7H addition line male, leading to the development of a compensating wheat/barley Robertsonian translocation line (7BS.7HL centric fusion, 2n = 42) exhibiting higher salt tolerance and elevated grain β-glucan content. Throughout the crossing programme, comprising the F1-F4 generations, genomic in situ hybridization, fluorescence in situ hybridization and chromosome-specific molecular markers were used to trace and identify the wheat and barley chromatin. Investigations on salt tolerance during germination and on the (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucan (mixed-linkage glucan [MLG]) content of the seeds confirmed the salt tolerance and elevated grain MLG content of the translocation line, which can be directly applied in current wheat breeding programmes.
小麦属(Triticum aestivum,2n = 42)与其相关物种的种间杂交可转移农艺和品质性状,由此产生的后代具有改良的遗传背景,可直接应用于小麦育种计划。虽然野生近缘种常被用作有利农艺性状的来源,但栽培种也可以提高小麦的品质和抗逆性。在早期的小麦-大麦预育种计划中,培育出了一个耐盐性的“朝风”/“Manas”7H 二体附加系(2n = 44),该附加系β-葡聚糖含量较高,但育性低且遗传背景不稳定。本研究旨在进一步推进这一杂交计划,将有利的大麦性状转移到更稳定的遗传背景中。利用单价染色体的断裂-融合机制,以“Rannaya”冬小麦 7B 单体系为母本与 7H 附加系的父本杂交,导致一个补偿性的小麦/大麦罗伯逊易位系(7BS.7HL 着丝粒融合,2n = 42)的发展,该易位系表现出更高的耐盐性和更高的谷粒β-葡聚糖含量。在包括 F1-F4 代的整个杂交计划中,使用基因组原位杂交、荧光原位杂交和染色体特异性分子标记来追踪和鉴定小麦和大麦的染色质。在发芽过程中的耐盐性研究以及种子中的(1,3;1,4)-β-D-葡聚糖(混合链葡聚糖[MLG])含量研究证实了该易位系的耐盐性和提高的谷粒 MLG 含量,可直接应用于当前的小麦育种计划。