Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Lutherville, Maryland.
Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad and Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Valencia University, Valencia, Spain.
Fertil Steril. 2018 Nov;110(6):994-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.09.020.
Innovations in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have driven progress in the donor egg field since the birth of the first baby derived from a donor egg in 1983. Over time, donor oocytes have become an increasingly used option for patients unable to conceive with autologous oocytes. In donor egg, the unique separation of the oocyte source and recipient uterus has created a model that has propelled advances in ART. Progressive ART innovations that have optimized the oocyte donor and resulting embryo include the following: evaluation of ovarian reserve, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation regimens that reduce the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, blastocyst culture, oocyte cryopreservation, and preimplantation genetic testing. For donor egg recipients, methods to optimize the endometrium to maximize implantation include endometrial receptivity testing, immunologic donor-recipient matching, and increased understanding of the uterine microbiome.
自 1983 年首例通过供卵诞生的婴儿出现以来，辅助生殖技术（ART）的创新推动了供卵领域的发展。随着时间的推移，对于无法使用自身卵子受孕的患者来说，供卵已经成为一种越来越常用的选择。在供卵中，卵子来源与受体子宫的独特分离创造了一个模型，推动了 ART 的发展。优化供卵者和胚胎的 ART 创新包括以下方面：卵巢储备评估、降低卵巢过度刺激综合征风险的控制性卵巢刺激方案、囊胚培养、卵母细胞冷冻保存和植入前遗传学检测。对于供卵者接受者，优化子宫内膜以最大限度提高着床率的方法包括子宫内膜容受性检测、免疫性供受者匹配以及对子宫微生物组的深入了解。
