Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital, F-35033 Rennes, France; Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France.
Department of Occupational Pathology, University Hospital, F-35033 Rennes, France.
Environ Res. 2019 Feb;169:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.10.026. Epub 2018 Oct 27.
The AIRBAg study was designed to assess the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in dairy farmers and to define its associated risk factors.
Between March 2012 and February 2017 randomly selected dairy farmers in the French region of Brittany were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire and undergo an occupational health check-up with electronic mini-spirometry and standard spirometry. Those having one or more of the following features: chronic cough, chronic bronchitis, wheezing, dyspnea and/or a ratio FEV/FEV < 80% were then referred to a pulmonologist for further check-up including spirometry with a reversibility test. Each COPD case was matched with three controls (dairy farmers and non-farm employees), for sex and age ( ± 5 years). Conditional multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios between COPD occurrence and various risk factors.
The 1203 farmers examined included 525 (43.6%) who were "at risk of bronchial obstruction" and 432 (35.9%) of these saw the pulmonologist. This screening identified 16 (1.3%) cases of COPD, including eight non-smokers and five with an FEV < 80% of predicted values. Their average age was 54.6 ( ± 7.7) years and 10 of them were men. None complained of illness before the study. Multivariate analyses revealed no significant occupational risk factors for COPD.
This unexpected result may be because Breton dairy farms began to modernize early (1950s), giving rise to conditions with much lower exposure to airborne contaminants.
AIRBAg 研究旨在评估奶农中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病率，并确定其相关的危险因素。
2012 年 3 月至 2017 年 2 月，在法国布列塔尼地区随机选择奶农，要求他们完成一份自我管理问卷，并接受电子迷你肺活量计和标准肺活量计的职业健康检查。那些有以下一个或多个特征的人：慢性咳嗽、慢性支气管炎、喘息、呼吸困难和/或 FEV/FEV < 80%的比例，则被转介给肺病专家进行进一步检查，包括有可逆性试验的肺活量检查。每个 COPD 病例与三名对照（奶农和非农场员工）匹配，性别和年龄（±5 岁）相同。使用条件多变量逻辑回归模型来估计 COPD 发生与各种危险因素之间的比值比。
共检查了 1203 名农民，其中 525 名（43.6%）有“支气管阻塞风险”，其中 432 名（35.9%）去看了肺病专家。这种筛查发现了 16 例（1.3%）COPD 病例，其中包括 8 名不吸烟者和 5 名 FEV < 预计值的 80%。他们的平均年龄为 54.6（±7.7）岁，其中 10 名是男性。在研究之前，他们都没有抱怨过疾病。多变量分析显示，COPD 没有明显的职业危险因素。
这个出乎意料的结果可能是因为布列塔尼的奶农很早就开始现代化（20 世纪 50 年代），从而导致他们接触空气中污染物的暴露水平大大降低。
