Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Sunitinib in Patients with High-Risk Renal Cell Carcinoma: Exploratory Pharmacogenomic Analysis.

PURPOSE

In the S-TRAC trial, adjuvant sunitinib prolonged disease-free survival (DFS) versus placebo in patients with loco-regional renal cell carcinoma at high risk of recurrence after nephrectomy. An exploratory analysis evaluated associations between SNPs in several angiogenesis- or hypoxia-related genes and clinical outcomes in S-TRAC.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Blood samples were genotyped for 10 SNPs and one insertion/deletion mutation using TaqMan assays. DFS was compared using log-rank tests for each genotype in sunitinib versus placebo groups and between genotypes within each of three (sunitinib, placebo, and combined sunitinib plus placebo) treatment groups. values were unadjusted.

RESULTS

In all, 286 patients (sunitinib, = 142; placebo, = 144) were genotyped. Longer DFS [HR; 95% confidence interval (CI)] was observed with sunitinib versus placebo for C/C (HR 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21-0.91; = 0.023), T/T (HR 0.46; 95% CI, 0.23-0.90; = 0.020), and T/T (HR 0.53; 95% CI, 0.30-0.94; = 0.028). Shorter DFS was observed for C/A versus C/C with sunitinib, placebo, and combined therapies ( ≤ 0.05), and A/A versus C/C with sunitinib ( = 0.022). A/C versus A/A was associated with shorter DFS in the placebo ( = 0.038) and combined ( = 0.006) groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Correlations between and SNPs and longer DFS with sunitinib suggest germline SNPs are predictive of improved outcomes with adjuvant sunitinib in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Independent validation studies are needed to confirm these findings.