Cohen M M
Clin Invest Med. 1987 May;10(3):226-31.
Prostaglandins are found in high concentration in the gastric mucosa and gastric juice. Exogenous prostaglandins inhibit acid secretion, stimulate mucus and bicarbonate secretion, alter mucosal blood flow, and provide dramatic protection against a wide variety of agents which cause acute mucosal damage. The physiological role of prostaglandins is still being elucidated. There is now strong evidence that endogenous prostaglandins modulate acid secretion by blocking the histamine-stimulated increase in cyclic AMP within the parietal cell. This function is probably controlled by intraluminal pH. It is likely that mucus and bicarbonate secretion by both stomach and duodenum are influenced by endogenous prostaglandins. A physiological role of prostaglandins in mucosal protection is less certain. Prostaglandins are released by trivial injury, and this probably serves a defensive function. A mucosa which is prostaglandin-depleted is more susceptible to damage, but does not spontaneously ulcerate. It is conceivable that peptic ulcer disease may be in part caused by an impaired mucosal prostaglandin response to food.
前列腺素在胃黏膜和胃液中含量很高。外源性前列腺素可抑制胃酸分泌，刺激黏液和碳酸氢盐分泌，改变黏膜血流，并对多种导致急性黏膜损伤的因素提供显著保护。前列腺素的生理作用仍在阐明之中。现在有充分证据表明，内源性前列腺素通过阻断壁细胞内组胺刺激的环磷酸腺苷增加来调节胃酸分泌。该功能可能受腔内pH值控制。胃和十二指肠的黏液及碳酸氢盐分泌可能受内源性前列腺素影响。前列腺素在黏膜保护中的生理作用尚不确定。轻微损伤可释放前列腺素，这可能具有防御功能。缺乏前列腺素的黏膜更易受损，但不会自发溃疡。可以想象，消化性溃疡病可能部分是由黏膜对食物的前列腺素反应受损所致。
