Chen Liang, Du Yingying, Lu Qiumei, Chen Hua, Meng Ruishuang, Cui Chunge, Lu Shan, Yang Yang, Chai Yongmao, Li Juan, Liu Lulu, Qi Xiangning, Li Hang, Mishina Kohei, Yu Fei, Hu Yin-Gang
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
Front Plant Sci. 2018 Oct 22;9:1312. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01312. eCollection 2018.
The gibberellin-responsive dwarfing gene can significantly reduce plant height without changing seedling vigor and substantially increase ear fertility in bread wheat ( L). However, delays heading date and anthesis date, hindering the use of in wheat improvement. To promote early flowering of the dwarf plants, the photoperiod-insensitive allele was introduced through a cross between Jinmai47 () and Karcagi (). The results showed that can rescue the delaying effect of on flowering time and promote earlier flowering by 9.0 days (163.2°Cd) in the dwarf plants by shortening the late reproduction phase. Plant height was reduced by (43.2%) and (10.9%), achieving dwarf plants with higher lodging resistance. Ear fertility, like the grain number per spike, was significantly increased by (21.3%), while it was reduced by (6.5%). However, thousand kernel weight was significantly reduced by (12.9%) but significantly increased by (16.9%). Finally, plant yield was increased by 16.4 and 8.2%, and harvest index was increased by 24.9 and 15.4% in the dwarf lines and tall lines with , respectively. Clearly, there was an additive interaction between and and the introduction of advanced the flowering time and improved the yield traits of dwarf plants, suggesting that the combination of and would be conducive to the successful use of in wheat breeding programs.
赤霉素响应矮化基因可显著降低株高，且不改变幼苗活力，并大幅提高面包小麦（L）的穗育性。然而，该基因会延迟抽穗期和开花期，阻碍其在小麦改良中的应用。为促进该矮化植株早花，通过晋麦47（）与卡尔卡吉（）杂交导入光周期不敏感等位基因。结果表明，该等位基因可挽救该基因对开花时间的延迟效应，通过缩短后期生殖阶段，使该矮化植株提前9.0天（163.2日度）开花。株高分别降低了（43.2%）和（10.9%），获得了抗倒伏能力更强的矮化植株。穗育性，如每穗粒数，显著增加了（21.3%），而千粒重降低了（6.5%）。然而，千粒重显著降低了（12.9%），但显著增加了（16.9%）。最后，该矮化株系和携带该等位基因的高株系的植株产量分别提高了16.4%和8.2%，收获指数分别提高了24.9%和15.4%。显然，该基因与该等位基因之间存在加性互作，该等位基因的导入提前了开花时间，改善了该矮化植株的产量性状，表明该基因与该等位基因的组合将有利于该基因在小麦育种计划中的成功应用。
