Balla Abdalla Tarig H, Rutkofsky Ian H, Syeda Javeria N, Saghir Zahid, Muhammad Adnan S
Department of Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, CA, USA.
Medicine, International American University College of Medicine, Washington, USA.
Cureus. 2018 Aug 28;10(8):e3217. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3217.
The association of physical activity and stroke among working young adults and vice versa has increasingly empathized in recent years. Lack of physical activity, along with many other modifiable risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, atherosclerosis, and diabetes, contributes through vascular dysfunction to the development of adverse cerebrovascular events in the future and has always been a topic of interest in the fields of neurology and stroke rehabilitation. We wrote this review article to elaborate on this relationship in detail. This article suggests that the physical activity role in stroke development and the rehabilitation process has a diverse role, where individuals with low physically active occupations are prone to develop a stroke more readily in comparison with other workers who have a moderate amount of physical activity in their jobs; however, less mobility appeared to be harmful too soon after stroke. In addition, we elucidate the effects of physical activity on sympathetic activity and remodeling of vascular response. Alterations in the neuroendocrine system include several factors. This includes harmful changes caused by increasing levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These changes are seen with stress-induced cerebrovascular injury and are often elevated in post-stroke patients. In contrast, post-stroke patients engaged in physical activity may prevent these harmful neurotrophic factors by reducing the elevated levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. However, we need more studies in the near future to further explore this association process. Therefore, we recommend more research to explore the relationship of occupation-related factors and adverse stroke outcomes.
近年来，在职青年成年人中身体活动与中风之间的关联以及反之亦然的情况越来越受到关注。缺乏身体活动，连同许多其他可改变的风险因素，如高血压、肥胖、动脉粥样硬化和糖尿病，通过血管功能障碍导致未来不良脑血管事件的发生，并且一直是神经学和中风康复领域感兴趣的话题。我们撰写这篇综述文章以详细阐述这种关系。本文表明，身体活动在中风发展和康复过程中的作用具有多样性，与其他工作中身体活动量适中的工人相比，从事低体力活动职业的个体更容易患中风；然而，中风后不久活动减少似乎也有害。此外，我们阐明了身体活动对交感神经活动和血管反应重塑的影响。神经内分泌系统的改变包括几个因素。这包括由肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平升高引起的有害变化。这些变化在应激诱导的脑血管损伤中可见，并且在中风后患者中通常会升高。相比之下，从事身体活动的中风后患者可能通过降低升高的肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素水平来预防这些有害的神经营养因子。然而，在不久的将来我们需要更多的研究来进一步探索这种关联过程。因此，我们建议进行更多研究以探索职业相关因素与不良中风结局之间的关系。
